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Radiologie up2date 2013; 13(02): 109-124
DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1326200
Kopf/Hals-Radiologie
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

MRT des Kiefergelenks

MRI of the temporomandibular joint
S. Langner
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Publication History

Publication Date:
23 May 2013 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

In Abhängigkeit von der klinischen Symptomatik ist die MRT das Untersuchungsverfahren der Wahl zur Diagnostik degenerativer, entzündlicher und tumoröser Prozesse des Temporomandibulargelenks und ihrer Therapiekontrolle. Die Normalanatomie des Gelenks und optimierte MR-Protokolle werden genauso vorgestellt wie die häufigsten Krankheitsentitäten und der notwendige Untersuchungsablauf.

Abstract

Depending on clinical findings, MRI is the gold standard for the diagnosis of degenerative, inflammatory and tumorous lesions of the temporomandibular joint. Normal imaging anatomy and an optimized examination protocol are presented. Common disease of the temporomandibular joint and imaging strategies are described.

Kernaussagen

  • Die MRT ist das diagnostische Standardverfahren bei nicht traumatischen Veränderungen des Temporomandibulargelenks.

  • Es sollten immer beide Kiefergelenke simultan untersucht werden, da es sich um eine funktionelle Einheit handelt.

  • Die korrekte Einlage der parakoronaren und parasagittalen Schichten sollte anhand eines axialen Übersichtsbildes erfolgen, das auch eine Beurteilung der angrenzenden Halskompartimente erlaubt.

  • Das „internal derangement“ ist die häufigste Ursache für Schmerzen. Es geht einher mit einer Diskusverlagerung und im weiteren Verlauf mit einer Deformation. Diese kann am besten in sagittalen Schnittbildern beurteilt werden, die am besten in 2 Funktionszuständen als PDw Aufnahmen akquiriert werden.

  • Bei Verdacht auf eine Beteiligung des Gelenks im Rahmen einer Arthritis ist die Kontrastmittelgabe obligat.

Keywords

MRI - temporomandibular joint - internal derangement - disc displacement - nonneoplastic arthropathy - imaging protocol
 

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