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J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2012; 73(06): 365-370
DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1324397
Review Article
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Characteristics and Management of Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence

Andrew Yew
1   Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
,
Golmah Zarinkhou
1   Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
,
Marko Spasic
1   Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
,
Andy Trang
1   Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
,
Quinton Gopen
3   Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
,
Isaac Yang
1   Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
2   Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
› Author Affiliations
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Publication History

03 March 2012

08 June 2012

Publication Date:
08 August 2012 (online)

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Abstract

Objectives To review the characteristic symptoms of superior semicircular canal dehiscence, testing and imaging of the disease, and the current treatment and surgical options.

Results and Conclusions Symptoms of superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) include autophony, inner ear conductive hearing loss, Hennebert sign, and sound-induced episodic vertigo and disequilibrium (Tullio phenomenon), among others. Potential etiologies noted for canal dehiscence include possible developmental abnormalities, congenital defects, chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma, fibrous dysplasia, and high-riding jugular bulb. Computed tomography (CT), vestibular evoked myogenic potentials, Valsalva maneuvers, and certain auditory testing may prove useful in the detection and evaluation of dehiscence syndrome. Multislice temporal bone CT examinations are normally performed with fine-cut (0.5- to 0.6-mm) collimation reformatted to the plane of the superior canal such that images are parallel and orthogonal to the plane. For the successful alleviation of auditory and vestibular symptoms, a bony dehiscence can be surgically resurfaced, plugged, or capped through a middle fossa craniotomy or the transmastoid approach. SSCD should only be surgically treated in patients who exhibit clinical manifestations.

Keywords

superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome - vertigo - hearing loss - autophony - Tullio phenomenon
 

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