Die präklinische Notfallversorgung von schwerverletzten, polytraumatisierten Patienten auf der Basis der S3-Polytrauma-Leitlinie (Auszüge aus der S3-AWMF-Leitlinie)

• Literatur

• 1 Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin. Unfallstatistik: Unfalltote und Unfallverletzte 2007 in Deutschland. www.baua.de
• 2 Stürmer K et al. Polytrauma-Leitlinie für die Diagnostik und Therapie. Unfallchir 2001; 104: 902-912
• 3 S3-Leitlinie Polytrauma/Schwerverletzten-Behandlung. www.awmf.org/leitlinien/detail/II/012-019.html
• 4 Hoedtke J, Knacke PG, Marung A et al. Polytraumaversorgung – Quo vadis? – Von goldenen Stunden, platinen Minuten. Notarzt 2010; 26: 209-215
• 5 Anforderungen an den Kurs zur präklinischen Traumaversorgung (gem. DIVI). www.divi-org.de/fileadmin/pdfs/notfallmedizin/Kurs_zur_pr%C3%A4klinischen_Traumaversorgung.pdf
• 6 Deakin CD, Nolan JP, Soar J et al. Erweiterte Reanimationsmaßnahmen für Erwachsene (“advanced life support”) Sektion 4 der Leitlinien zur Reanimation 2010 des European Resuscitation Council guidelines for resuscitation. Notfall Rettungsmed 2010; 13: 559-620
• 7 Dunkam CM, Barraco RD, Clark DE et al. Guidelines for emergency tracheal intubation immediatly after traumatic injury. J Trauma 2003; 55: 162-179
• 8 Timmermann A, Eich C, Russo SG et al. Prehospital airway management: a prospective evaluation of anaesthesia trained emergency physicians. Resuscitation 2006; 70: 179-185
• 9 Morris C, Perris A, Klein J et al. Anaesthesia in hemodynamically compromised emergency patients: does ketamine represent the best choice of inducation agent?. Anaesth 2009; 64: 532-529
• 10 Paal P, Herfft H, Mitterlechner T et al. Anaesthesia in prehospital emergencies and in the emergency room. Resuscitation 2010; 81: 148-154
• 11 Dutton RP, Mackenzie CF, Scalea TM. Hypotensive resuscitation during active hemorrhage: impact on in-hospital mortality. J Trauma 2002; 52: 1141-1146
• 12 Bunn F, Trivedi D, Ashraf S. Colloid solutions for fluid resuscitation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008; CD 001319
• 13 Rhee P, Burris D, Kaufmann C et al. Lactated Ringer's solution resuscitation causes neutrophil activation after hemorrhagic shock. J Trauma 1998; 44: 433-439
• 14 Angle N, Hoyt DB, Coimbra R et al. Hypertonic saline resuscitation diminishes hug injury by suppressing neutrophil activation after hemorrhagic shock. Shock 1998; 9: 164-170
• 15 Langeron O, Doelberg M, Ang ET et al. Voluven, a lower substituted novel hydroxyethyl starch (HES 130/04) causes fewer effects on coagulation in major orthopedic surgery than HES 200/05. Anaesth Analg 2001; 92: 855-862
• 16 Kreimeier U, Messmer K. Use of hypertonic NaCl solutions in primary volume therapy. Zentralbl Chir 1992; 117: 532-539
• 17 Wade CE, Dubick MA, Grady JJ. Optimal dose of hypertonic saline/dextran in hemorrhaged swine. J Trauma 2003; 55: 413-416
• 18 Taylor DC, Salvian AJ, Shackleton CR. Crush syndrome complicating pneumatic antishock garment (PASG) use. Injury 1988; 19: 43-44
• 19 Lee C, Porter KM. Prehospital management of lower limb fractures. Emerg Med J 2005; 22: 660-663
• 20 Regel G, Bayeff-Filloff M. Diagnosis and immediate therapeutic management of limb injuries. Unfallchir 2004; 107: 919-926
• 21 Beck A. Wunde-, Fraktur-Luxation. Notfall Rettmed 2002; 8: 613-624
• 22 Cuske J. The lost art of splinting. How to properly immobilize extremities and manage pain. JEMS 2008; 33: 50-64
• 23 Borschneck AG. Traction splint: proper splint design and application are the key. JEMS 2004; 29: 72-75
• 24 Lee C, Porter KM, Hodgetts TJ. Tourniquet use in the civilian prehospital setting. Emerg. Med J 2007; 24: 584-587
• 25 Irving GA, Noakes TD. The protective role of local hypothermia in tourniquet – induced ischaemia of muscle. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1985; 67: 297-301