Zusammenfassung
Im Vergleich zum Schultergelenk geben Beschwerden im Sternoklavikulargelenk deutlich
seltener Anlass zu ärztlicher Konsultation und noch seltener zu invasiver Therapie
[1]. Weil krankhafte Prozesse am Sternoklavikulargelenk zu Einschränkungen der Schulterbeweglichkeit
führen und somit beide Gelenke eine funktionelle Einheit bilden, soll dieser Artikel
die wichtigsten Veränderungen auch an diesem kleinen Gelenk des Schultergürtels beleuchten.
Bewusst wurde auf die Darstellung der traumatologischen Krankheitsbilder verzichtet,
hier wird auf andere Literatur verwiesen [2]. Für den Rheumatologen ist das Gelenk interessant, da es mit dem Komplex des SAPHO-Syndroms
eine seltene, aber heterogene Gruppe von entzündlichen Knochen- und Gelenkerkrankungen
gibt, deren häufigste primäre Manifestation sternoklavikulär ist und deren genaue
Einordnung nicht selten das komplette diagnostische Arsenal von der CT und MRT über
die Szintigrafie und Gelenkpunktion bis hin zur Biopsie erfordert, um noch seltenere
Differenzialdiagnosen auszuschließen. Eine genaue Kenntnis der unterschiedlichen klinischen
Varianten [3] und der Differenzialdiagnosen kann so zu rationellem Einsatz der Diagnostik verhelfen.
Therapeutische Aspekte müssen sich wegen der Seltenheit der Krankheitsbilder auf die
Auswertung meist kleiner oder retrospektiver Fallstudien in Verbindung mit persönlicher
Erfahrung stützen. 4 Krankheitsbilder werden exemplarisch an Fallbeispielen dargestellt.
Abstract
Compared to the shoulder joint, diseases of the sternoclavicular joint are much less
common in daily clinical and ambulant practice and only in a minority of cases give
rise to invasive therapy [1]. This article will focus on relevant changes in this small joint of the shoulder
girdle, because they may not only be the reason for pain but finally can lead to significant
impairment in shoulder mobility as well as changes in the shoulder joint itself. Injuries
are reviewed elsewhere [2] and will not be discussed here. Rheumatologists share a special interest in the
sternoclavicular joint because of its frequent involvement in the SAPHO syndrome,
a heterogeneous inflammatory disease of bone, joints and skin. Its precise diagnostic
clarification and the exclusion of even more uncommon differential diagnoses in many
cases demand the use of the complete diagnostic spectrum from CT, MRI and bone scintigraphy
to joint puncture and bone biopsy. A good knowledge of this disease complex and its
clinical variability [3] enables us to efficiently use the diagnostic tools. Therapeutic recommendations
are usually based in retrospective case studies and personal experience due to the
small number of patients (incidents). 4 clinical entities are each illustrated by
an exemplary case report from our clinic.
Schlüsselwörter
SAPHO-Syndrom - Sternoklavikulargelenk - Arthritis
Key words
SAPHO syndrome - sternoclavicular joint - arthritis
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E39
Korrespondenzadresse
Dr. med. Markus Enderlein
Krankenhaus Dresden-
Friedrichstadt
1. Medizinische Klinik
Friedrichstraße 41
01067 Dresden
Telefon: + 49/0351/480 11 15
Fax: + 49/0351/480 32 30
eMail: enderlein-ma@khdf.de