ABSTRACT
Myositis ossificans (MO) is characterized by abnormal heterotopic bone formation involving
striated muscle, tendons, ligaments, fasciae, and aponeuroses. Myocardium, the diaphragm,
tongue, larynx, smooth muscle, and sphincters are all spared. Several subtypes of
myositis ossificans exist: posttraumatic myositis ossificans (PTMO), nontraumatic/pseudomalignant
myositis ossificans, and myositis ossificans progressiva (MOP). This article reviews
the clinical features and differential diagnoses of each subtype of MO and illustrates
the typical imaging features demonstrated by plain radiography, ultrasound, radionuclide
bone scans, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging.
KEYWORDS
Myositis ossificans - posttraumatic myositis ossificans - myositis ossificans progressiva
- neurogenic heterotopic ossification
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Asif SaifuddinM.B.
Department of Radiology, The Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Brockley Hill
Stanmore, Middlesex HA7 4LP UK
Email: Asif.Saifuddin@rnoh.nhs.uk
