Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Bei der Plazenta increta handelt es sich um eine seltene Störung der Plazentaimplantation,
verbunden mit erhöhter mütterlicher Morbidität und Mortalität infolge lebensbedrohlicher
Blutungen. Die Inzidenz hat durch steigende Sektioraten zugenommen. Wir stellen den
Fall einer durch Plazenta praevia increta komplizierten Zwillingsschwangerschaft und
deren erfolgreiches konservatives Management vor, um die Rolle des Ultraschalls, insbesondere
den Einsatz des 3D-VCI und des TUI, in Diagnose und Therapie in ähnlichen Fällen zu
diskutieren. Material und Methoden: Ein GE Voluson Expert 730 Ultraschallsystem, welches sowohl konventionellen 2D-Ultraschall
als auch die Erfassung von 3D-Volumina mittels VCI und TUI ermöglicht, wurde für die
Diagnostik und das Management im Fall einer dichorialen Zwillingsschwangerschaft mit
Plazenta increta, bei der die Plazenta praevia increta des ersten Feten in situ belassen
und die andere Plazenta entfernt wurde, genutzt. Ergebnisse: Das 3D-VCI ermöglicht die Darstellung der Uterusvorderwand in ausgezeichneter Auflösung
mit klarer Abgrenzung der Myometriumdicke im Bereich der Plazentaimplantation. Diese
Technik erleichtert die Untersuchung der Myometriumdicke und der Plazentainvasionstiefe
in hochwertiger Bildqualität durch eine deutlich bessere Kontraststeigerung und Unterscheidung
zwischen den Geweben als im 2D-Ultraschall. Schlussfolgerungen: Wir beschreiben erstmals die Anwendung von 3D-VCI und TUI zur bildlichen Darstellung
der Plazentainvasionstiefe in solch einem Fall. Die präoperative Diagnose mittels
dieses speziellen Ultraschalls ermöglicht entsprechende präoperative Vorkehrungen
und die Entscheidung über das Belassen der Plazenta in utero, um einen möglichen katastrophalen
Ausgang für die Patientin zu vermeiden.
Abstract
Purpose: Placenta increta is a rare event in pregnancy, but is associated with serious maternal
morbidity and mortality due to life threatening hemorrhage. The incidence has increased
due to high Cesarean rates. We describe a case of placenta previa increta in a dichorionic
twin pregnancy, which was successfully treated conservatively, to discuss the role
of ultrasound, especially 3D VCI and TUI, for diagnosis and conservative management
in similar cases. Materials and Methods: A GE Voluson Expert 730 ultrasound system which provides both conventional 2D imaging
and 3D volume acquisitions using VCI and TUI was used for diagnosis and management
in a case of placenta increta in a dichorionic twin pregnancy in which the placenta
previa increta of the first fetus was left in situ and the other placenta was removed.
Results: The 3D VCI provided superior resolution of the anterior wall of the uterus, delineating
the myometrial thickness in the area of the placental implantation site. With superior
image quality, the 3D VCI technique facilitates the evaluation of the myometrial thickness
and the depth of placental invasion due to significantly improved enhancement of the
contrast and differentiation between various tissues compared to the 2D scan. Conclusion: We describe for the first time the application of 3D VCI and TUI for the visualization
of the depth of placental invasion in such a case. Preoperative ultrasound diagnosis
allows appropriate preoperative preparations and the decision to leave the placenta
untouched to avoid a probable fatal outcome for the patient.
Key words
3D ultrasound - placenta previa increta - dichorionic twin pregnancy - conservative
management - uterine wall thickness
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Dr. Jens H. Stupin
Department of Obstetrics, Charité Medical University Berlin
Campus Virchow-Klinikum
13353 Berlin
Telefon: ++ 49/30/4 50 66 44 35
Fax: ++ 49/30/4 50 56 49 01
eMail: jens.stupin@charite.de