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DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1109355
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Aneurysmal and Non-Aneurysmal SAH – Is Initial Computed Tomography Predictive?
Aneurysmatische und nicht aneurysmatische Subarachnoidalblutung – Hat die initiale Computertomografie einen prädiktiven Wert?Publication History
received: 17.12.2008
accepted: 5.3.2009
Publication Date:
28 April 2009 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Die diagnostische Strategie bei Patienten mit Subarachnoidalblutung ohne angiografischen Blutungsquellennachweis ist weiterhin kontrovers. Wir diskutieren die Bedeutung der Blutverteilung in der Computertomografie im Hinblick auf die Voraussage des Angiografierergebnisses. Material und Methoden: Wir verglichen die Blutverteilungsmuster auf CT’s von 112 Patienten mit nicht aneurysmatischer SAB (nicht-ASAB) und auf 104 CT’s von Patienten mit aneurysmatischer SAB (ASAB), welche innerhalb von 48 h nach dem Blutungsereignis aufgenommen wurden, anhand einer CT-basierten Klassifikation (Typ 0 – 4). Ergebnisse: Die Blutverteilungsmuster von ASAB- und nicht-ASAB-Patienten sind signifikant unterschiedlich (p < 0,0001). Nicht-ASAB-Patienten hatten kein oder nur präpontines Blut in 40 %, Ausdehnung in die mediale (Typ 2) und laterale Sylvische Fissur (Typ 3) in 60 % und kein intrazerebrales Blut (Typ 4). Alle Typ-0- und Typ-1-Patienten hatten negative initiale und Kontrollangiografien. Schlussfolgerung: Eine CT-Klassifikation der Blutverteilung erlaubt die Prognose des Angiografieergebnisses bei SAB-Patienten. Digitale Subtraktionsangiografie sollte der Goldstandard der Diagnostik bleiben, da sie die Diagnose nicht aneurysmatischer Blutungsquellen mit einem niedrigen Risiko ermöglicht. Auf eine Kontrollangiografie sollte bei Typ-0- und Typ-1-Blutungen verzichtet werden, wenn eine komplette, qualitativ gute initiale Angiografie vorliegt.
Abstract
Purpose: Diagnostic workup in patients with angiographically negative subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) remains controversial. We discuss the relevance of bleeding patterns on CT as they pertain to the prediction of angiographic results. Materials and Methods: We compared bleeding patterns on 112 CTs of patients with non-aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (non-ASAH) and 104 CTs of patients with aneurysmal SAH (ASAH) taken within 48 hours according to a CT-based grading system (Type 0 – 4). Results: Bleeding patterns differed between ASAH and non-ASAH patients (p < 0.0001). Non-ASAH patients had no or prepontine blood (type 0 + 1) in 40 % of cases, extension into the medial (type 2) or lateral (type 3) Sylvian fissure in 60 % of cases and no intracerebral hemorrhage (type 4). All type 0 and 1 patients had negative initial and repeat angiographies. Conclusion: A CT classification of bleeding patterns helps to predict angiographic results. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) should remain the gold standard as it allows detection non-aneurysmal bleeding sources at low-risk. Repeat angiography may be omitted in the case of type 0 and 1 bleeding if a complete, high quality DSA was obtained initially.
Key words
aneurysm - angiography - CT - brain
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Dr. Astrid Weyerbrock
Abteilung Allgemeine Neurochirurgie Universitätsklinikum Freiburg
Breisacher Straße 64
79106 Freiburg
Phone: + + 49/7 61/2 70 50 01
Fax: + + 49/7 61/2 70 50 18
Email: astrid.weyerbrock@uniklinik-freiburg.de