Schlafgebundene Bewegungen, Differenzialdiagnose, epileptische oder nicht-epileptische Ursache

Zusammenfassung

Schlafgebundene Epilepsien und Parasomnien interagieren und werden durch den Schlaf-Wach-Rhythmus gesteuert. Der Schlaf-Wach-Rhythmus ist bei beiden Krankheitsbildern in ähnlicher Weise durch vermehrte Arousal unterschiedlicher Ursachen gestört und unterhält die Bereitschaft für nächtliche Ereignisse. Epilepsien und Parasomnien scheinen häufig über die gleichen Hirnzentren und Bahnen gesteuert zu werden; dem gemeinsamen Auftreten sollte daher größere Aufmerksamkeit gewidmet werden. Die Diagnostik erfordert in wenigen Fällen eine Langzeit-Polysomnographie mit Epilepsie-schaltung. Die Differenzierung der Krankheitsbilder der DOA und Epilepsien erfordert zur weiteren Erforschung eine Bildgebung mit intelligenten Algorithmen und eine detaillierte Analyse der polysomnografischen Mikrostruktur.

Abstract

Sleep-associated epilepsies and parasomnias interact with each other. They are controlled by the sleep wake rhythm. In both clincial entities the sleep wake rhythm is similarly disturbed by increased arousal due to different causes sustaining the potential for nocturnal motor events. Epilepsies and parasomnias seem to be controlled by the same brain centres and pathways; therefore more attention should be paid to their concomitant occurrence. In a few cases the diagnosis requires long-term polysomnography with epilepsy circuits. The further differentiation of the disorders of arousal (DOA) and epilepsies requires further research and imaging with intelligent algorithms and a detailed analysis of the polysomnographic microstructures.

Schlüsselwörter

Schlaf-Wach-Rhythmus - DOA - schlafgebundene Bewegungen - Epilepsie - Polysomnografie

Key words

sleep wake rhythm - disorders of arousal - sleep related movements - epilepsy - polysomnography

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