Bedeutung von Biomarkern in der Klassifizierung und Therapie des Mammakarzinoms

Zusammenfassung

Es gilt als gesichert, dass sich die Entität des Mammakarzinoms aus einer sehr heterogenen Gruppe von unterschiedlichen Tumorsubtypen zusammenzusetzen scheint, die sich hinsichtlich ihrer Prognose sowie ihrer therapeutischen Zugänglichkeit maßgeblich voneinander unterscheiden. Um diese Subtypen zu charakterisieren und differenzieren, bedarf es des Einsatzes einer Vielzahl von klinischen, pathologischen und molekularen Biomarkern. Diese Biomarker können sowohl singuläre Marker als auch ein mathematisches Modell auf der Basis verschiedener Marker darstellen. Ziel des Einsatzes von Biomarkern im klinischen Alltag wie im wissenschaftlichen Kontext ist es, Patientinnen mit Mammakarzinom anhand ihrer Erkrankung zu klassifizieren, eine Aussage über das individuelle Rezidivrisiko der Erkrankung zu treffen und letztlich die Patientin einer Erfolg versprechenden, maßgeschneiderten Therapie zuzuführen.

Abstract

Breast cancer is increasingly recognized as a heterogeneous mixture of distinct breast cancer subtypes which differ substantially with regard to prognosis and therapeutic approachability. Clinical, pathological and molecular biomarkers are needed to characterize and distinguish these subtypes. Biomarkers can be individual parameters as well as complex mathematical models consisting in several individual markers. They are employed to classify patients with breast cancer, define their individual prognosis and, most importantly, allow for the design of individual well-tailored therapeutic concepts.

Schlüsselwörter

Mammakarzinom - Biomarker - Heterogenität - Prognose - Therapieansprechen

Key words

breast cancer - biomarker - heterogeneity - prognosis - therapy response

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