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DOI: 10.1055/a-2711-2085
Erfahrungen mit der Anwendung einer Kurzzeit-Psychotherapie bei Patient*innen mit Amyotropher Lateralsklerose: Was können wir daraus lernen?
Experiences with the Application of Short-Term Psychotherapy in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: What Can We Learn from It?Authors
Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie
Die amyotrophe Lateralsklerose (ALS) ist mit einer erhöhten psychischen Belastung assoziiert, jedoch ist die Anzahl psychosozialer Interventionen bislang begrenzt. Wir untersuchten die Machbarkeit einer bei palliativ erkrankten Tumorpatient*innen etablierten Psychotherapie bei ALS-Patient*innen.
Methodik
Wir setzten CALM (Managing Cancer and Living Meaningfully), eine wirksame psychodynamische Kurzzeit-Psychotherapie bei palliativ erkrankten Tumorpatient*innen, bei ALS-Patient*innen ein. Wir erhoben quantitative Daten zu Patientenrücklauf, -teilnahme und den Therapiesitzungen. Basierend auf den Behandlungsprotokollen reflektierte die Therapeutin die Anwendbarkeit der Behandlungsstruktur, Besonderheiten in der psychosozialen Arbeit mit ALS-Betroffenen und Vorschläge zur Therapiemodifikation.
Ergebnisse
Von 15 geeigneten Patient*innen nahmen fünf teil. Drei Patient*innen erhielten die vollständige Behandlung, von zwei Patient*innen standen die gesamten Studiendaten zur Verfügung. Die Studie wurde vorzeitig aufgrund von Problemen der Machbarkeit beendet. Sechs (22%) Sitzungen wurden telefonisch durchgeführt, an 10 (37%) Sitzungen nahmen An-/Zugehörige teil. Die Therapiestruktur zeigte sich als begrenzt anwendbar für die ALS-Patient*innen, größtenteils weil angstbesetzte Themen einschließlich Leiden und Sterblichkeit weitgehend vermieden wurden. Im Vergleich zu palliativ erkrankten Tumorpatient*innen fluktuierte bei den untersuchten ALS-Patient*innen die psychische und physische Belastung stärker und sie waren mehr mit den erkrankungsassoziierten praktischen Versorgungsthemen beschäftigt. Empfehlungen der Therapeutin beinhalten die Versorgung in einem multi-professionellen Team, Auffrischungssitzungen und eine direkte Unterstützung für die An-/Zugehörigen.
Diskussion/Schlussfolgerung
Eine für palliativ erkrankte Tumorpatient*innen effektive Psychotherapie zeigte eine begrenzte Anwendbarkeit bei ALS-Betroffenen. Manche dieser Limitationen sind behandlungsinhärent und daher schwer zu adaptieren. Statt das Behandlungsprogramm zu modifizieren, schlagen wir die Entwicklung einer spezifischen supportiven psychotherapeutischen Intervention mit einem partizipativen Studienansatz vor. Studienregistrierung: Die Studie wurde bei ClinicalTrials.gov registriert (NCT03975608).
Abstract
Objective
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is associated with elevated distress, but evidence on psychosocial interventions is limited. We tested the feasibility of a psychotherapy for palliative cancer patients in ALS patients.
Methods
We applied CALM (Managing Cancer and Living Meaningfully), an effective psychodynamic short-term therapy for advanced cancer patients, within a pre-post study among patients with ALS. We provided patient flow and formal treatment information. Based on the treatment protocols, the therapist reflected on the applicability of the treatment structure, specifics in the psychosocial work with ALS patients and suggestions for treatment modification.
Results
Among 15 eligible patients, five participated. Three patients completed the treatment, two patients provided complete study data. The trial was prematurely stopped due to issues in feasibility. Six (22%) sessions were conducted via telephone, 10 (37%) were attended by family caregivers. The structure showed limited applicability largely because fear-laden topics including suffering and death were extensively avoided. Compared to palliative cancer patients, ALS patients fluctuated more strongly in their psychological and physical symptom burden and were more strongly distressed by disease-related practical issues. Recommendations included a multi-professional team, booster sessions and a direct support for caregivers.
Discussion/Conclusion
A psychotherapy effective for cancer patients showed features that limit its applicability among ALS patients. Some of these limitations are treatment-inherent and thus hard to adapt. Rather than modifying the program, we suggest to develop a specific supportive psychotherapeutic intervention within a participatory approach.
Schlüsselwörter
Amyotrophe Lateralsklerose - Psychotherapie - psychosoziale Unterstützung - Managing Cancer and Living MeaningfullyKeywords
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - psychotherapy - psychosocial support - Managing Cancer and Living MeaningfullyPublication History
Received: 07 July 2025
Accepted: 26 September 2025
Article published online:
12 November 2025
© 2025. Thieme. All rights reserved.
Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Oswald-Hesse-Straße 50, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany
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