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Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes
DOI: 10.1055/a-2561-9460
Mini-Review

Contraception and Diabetes Mellitus

Theodoros Panou
1   Diabetes Centre, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Greece (Ringgold ID: RIN112220)
,
Evanthia Gouveri
1   Diabetes Centre, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Greece (Ringgold ID: RIN112220)
,
Angeliki Gerede
2   Unit of Maternal-Foetal-Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Democritus University of Thrace - Alexandropoulis Campus, Alexandroupolis, Greece (Ringgold ID: RIN112220)
,
Panagiotis Tsikouras
3   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Democritus University of Thrace - Alexandropoulis Campus, Alexandroupolis, Greece (Ringgold ID: RIN112220)
,
Dimitrios Papazoglou
1   Diabetes Centre, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Greece (Ringgold ID: RIN112220)
,
Nikolaos Papanas 
1   Diabetes Centre, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Greece (Ringgold ID: RIN112220)
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Abstract

The aim of this narrative review was to discuss data on contraception in diabetes mellitus (DM). Women with DM rarely discuss contraception with their physicians, and healthcare providers offer advice to a very limited number of them. Overall, 1 in 8 women with DM using contraception methods was found to use an ineffective one. A further issue relates to drug-drug interactions between anti-diabetic medications and oral contraceptives. Generally, anti-diabetic agents do not alter the pharmacologic profile of hormonal contraception. However, preliminary results indicate that some novel anti-diabetic agents may even render oral contraceptive methods ineffective. Several implants can be also generally used by women with both DM types. The relationship between oral contraceptives and diabetic complications has not been clarified yet. In general, implants, intra-uterine devices or progestin-only contraceptives are considered safe options for women with DM. However, short-term use of combined hormonal contraception is also feasible for women without severe complications or risk factors.

Keywords

type 1 diabetes mellitus - type 2 diabetes mellitus - contraception - drug-drug interaction - fertility


Publikationsverlauf

Eingereicht: 14. Oktober 2024

Angenommen nach Revision: 18. März 2025

Accepted Manuscript online:
18. März 2025

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
29. April 2025

© 2025. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Oswald-Hesse-Straße 50, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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