Die intraaortale Ballonpumpe (IABP) ist ein invasives kathetergestütztes kardiales
Assistierungssystem, das zu einer Verbesserung von Herzarbeit und Koronardurchblutung
führt. Der Beitrag
beschreibt die Physiologie der IABP und fasst Empfehlungen bezüglich (Kontra-)Indikationen,
Management und Monitoring der IABP entsprechend der S3-Leitlinie „Einsatz der intraaortalen
Ballongegenpulsation in der Herzchirurgie“ [1] zusammen.
Abstract
The intraaortic ballon-pump (IABP) is a percutaneous mechanical circulatory support
device, which is used in patients either with insufficient cardiac output or in patients
with high-risk
situation before cardiac intervention, like surgical revascularisation or percutaneous
coronary intervention (PCI). Due to electrocardiographic or arterial pressure pulse
the IABP augments
diastolic coronary perfusion pressure and reduces systolic afterload. Thereby, myocardial
oxygen supply-demand ratio is improved and cardiac output is increased. Many national
and international
cardiology, cardiothoracic and intensive care medicine societies and associations
worked together in order to develop evidence-based recommendations and guidelines
for the preoperative,
intraoperative and postoperative management of the IABP. This manuscript is mainly
based on the S3 guideline „Use of intraaortic balloon-pump in cardiac surgery“ from
the German Society for
Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (DGTHG).
Schlüsselwörter
intraaortale Ballonpumpe - Indikation - Physiologie
Keywords
intraaortic ballon-pump - indication - physiology
