Der Esel frisst nicht mehr – Welche diagnostischen Schritte und therapeutischen Maßnahmen sind zu ergreifen?

Inappetenz bis hin zur vollständigen Anorexie sollten beim Esel als Notfall angesehen werden. Sie erfordern eine unmittelbare Therapie, um eine bestmögliche Prognose zu erzielen.

• Literatur

• 1 Ashley FH, Waterman-Pearson AE, Whay HR. Behavioural assessment of pain in horses and donkeys: application to clinical practice and future studies. Equine Vet J 2005; 37 (06) 565-575
• 2 Thiemann A. Clinical approach to the dull donkey. In Pract 2013; 35 (08) 470-476
• 3 Duffield HF, Bell N, Henson FMD. Factors associated with impactive colic in the donkey. Proceedings of the 7th International Equine Colic Research Symposium, Equine Vet J 2002; 122
• 4 van Dierendonck MC, Burden FA, Rickards K, van Loon JPAM. Monitoring Acute Pain in Donkeys with the Equine Utrecht University Scale for Donkeys Composite Pain Assessment (EQUUS-DONKEY-COMPASS) and the Equine Utrecht University Scale for Donkey Facial Assessment of Pain (EQUUS-DONKEY-FAP). Animals (Basel) 2020; 10 (02) 354
• 5 de Oliveira MGC, de Paula VV, Mouta AN, de Oliveira Lima I, da Macedo LA, Nunes TL, Trinidade PHE, Luna SPL. Validation of the Donkey Pain Scale (DOPS) for Assessing Postoperative Pain in Donkeys. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8: 671330
• 6 Orth EK, Navas Gonzalez FJ, Pastrana CI, Berger JM, le Jeune SS, Davis EW, McLean AK. Development of a Donkey Grimace Scale to Recognize Pain in Donkeys (Equus asinus) Post Castration. Animals (Basel), 2020; 10 (08) 1411
• 7 van Loon J, de Grauw JC, Burden F, Vos KJ, Bardelmeijer LH, Rickards K. Objective assessment of chronic pain in donkeys using the donkey chronic pain scale (DCPS): A scale-construction study. Vet J 2021; 267: 105580
• 8 Medeiros do Nascimento RC, Gomes Graboschii AC, Santana de Fionseca L. et al. Pain Assessment and Acute Phase Response in Donkeys Submitted to Inguinal Orchiectomy. J Equine Vet Sci 2023; 123: 104223
• 9 Taylor TS, Matthews NS. Mammoth asses – selected behavioural considerations for the veterinarian. Appl Anim Behav Sci 1998; 60(2 – 3): 283-289
• 10 Svendsen ED. Appendix 1a. In: Evendsen E, ed. The Professional Handbook of the Donkey. Stansted, Essex: Whittet Books; 2008: 380
• 11 du Toit N, Dixon PM. Common dental disorders in the donkey. Equine Vet Educ 2012; 24 (01) 45-51
• 12 Cox R, Burden F, Proudman CJ, Trawfiord AF, Pinchbeck GL. Demographics, management and health of donkeys in the UK. Vet Rec, 2010; 166 (18) 552-556
• 13 du Toit N, Burden FA, Dixon PM. Clinical dental examinations of 357 donkeys in the UK. Part 1: prevalence of dental disorders. Equine Vet J 2009; 41 (04) 390-394
• 14 du Toit N, Gallagher J, Burden FA, Dixon PM. Post mortem survey of dental disorders in 349 donkeys from an aged population (2005–2006). Part 1: Prevalence of specific dental disorders. Equine Vet J 2008; 40 (03) 204-208
• 15 Cox R. et al. Epidemiology of impaction colic in donkeys in the UK. BMC Vet Res 2007; 3: 1
• 16 Lindsay FE, Clayton HM. An anatomical and endoscopic study of the nasopharynx and larynx of the donkey (Equus asinus). J Anat 1986; 144: 123-132
• 17 Mendoza FJ, Toribio RE, Perez-Ecija A. Donkey Internal Medicine-Part I: Metabolic, Endocrine, and Alimentary Tract Disturbances. J Equine Vet Sci 2018; 65: 66-74
• 18 Cox R, Proudman CJ, Trawford AF, Burden F, Pinchbeck GL. Case control study to investigate risk factors for impaction colic in donkeys in the UK. Prev Vet Med 2009; 92 (03) 179-187
• 19 Sgorbini M, Bonelli F, Papini R, Busechian S, Briganti A, Laus F, Fallace V, Zappulla F, Rizk A, Rueca F. Equine gastric ulcer syndrome in adult donkeys: Investigation on prevalence, anatomical distribution, and severity. Equine Vet Educ 2018; 30 (04) 206-210
• 20 Matthews JB, Burden FA. Common helminth infections of donkeys and their control in temperate regions. Equine Vet Educ 2013; 25 (09) 461-467
• 21 Thiemann A, Rickards K. Donkey hoof disorders and their treatment. In Practice 2013; 35 (03) 134-140
• 22 Collins SN, Dyson SJ, Murray RC, Burden F, Trawford A. Radiological anatomy of the donkeyʼs foot: objective characterisation of the normal and laminitic donkey foot. Equine Vet J 2011; 43 (04) 478-486
• 23 Mendoza FJ, Toribio RE, Perez-Ecija A. Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders in Donkeys. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2019; 35 (03) 399-417
• 24 Dugat SL, Tylor TS, Matthews NS, Gold J. Values for Triglycerides, Insulin, Cortisol, and ACTH in a herd of normal donkeys. J Equine Vet Sci 2010; 30 (03) 141-144
• 25 Gehlen H, Twickel S, Stöckle S, Weber C, Bartmann CP. Diagnostic orientation values for ACTH and other parameters for clinically healthy donkeys and mules (insulin, triglycerides, glucose, fructosamines, and γ-GT). J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020; 104 (02) 679-689
• 26 Burden FA, Hazell-Smith E, Mulugeta G, Patrick G, Trawford R, Brooks Brownlie HW. Reference intervals for biochemical and haematological parameters in mature domestic donkeys (Equus asinus) in the UK. Equine Vet Educ 2016; 28 (03) 134-139
• 27 Mendoza FJ, Estepa JC, Gonzalez-De Cara CA, Aguilera-Aguilera R, Toribio RE, Perez-Ecija A. Energy-related parameters and their association with age, gender, and morphometric measurements in healthy donkeys. Vet J 2015; 204 (02) 201-207
• 28 Wood SJ, Smith DG, Morris CJ. Seasonal variation of digestible energy requirements of mature donkeys in the UK. Pferdeheilk 2005; 21: 39-40
• 29 Pearson RA, Archibald RF, Muirhead RH. A comparison of the effect of forage type and level of feeding on the digestibility and gastrointestinal mean retention time of dry forages given to cattle, sheep, ponies and donkeys. Br J Nutr 2006; 95 (01) 88-98
• 30 Mendoza FJ, Perez-Ecija A, Toribio RE. Clinical Pharmacology in Donkeys and Mules. Vet Clinics North Am Equine Pract 2019; 35 (03) 589-606
• 31 Durham AE. Clinical application of parenteral nutrition in the treatment of five ponies and one donkey with hyperlipaemia. Vet Rec 2006; 158 (05) 159-164
• 32 Durham AE, Thiemann AK. Nutritional management of hyperlipaemia. Equine Vet Educ 2015; 27 (09) 482-488
• 33 Martin-Rosset W. Donkey Nutrition and Feeding: Nutrient Requirements and Recommended Allowances-A Review and Prospect. J Equine Vet Sci 2018; 65: 75-85