Das Lipödem

Zusammenfassung

Das Lipödem ist eine Erkrankung des Fett- und Bindegewebes, die fast ausnahmslos bei Frauen auftritt. Die Diagnose wird klinisch gestellte aufgrund bestimmter Merkmale. Leitsymptom ist die Schmerzhaftigkeit des Fettgewebes. Ein weiteres typisches Merkmal ist die Gefäßfragilität, die zu Hämatomen nach Minortraumen führt. Die typische disproportionale, symmetrische Fettgewebehypertrophie bezieht Unter- und Oberschenkel, Hüften, Gesäß, Unter- und Oberarme ein und läßt die distalen Extremitäten sowie den Rumpf unbeteiligt. Es wird eine X-chromosomale dominante oder autosomal-dominante Vererbung angenommen. Die Ätiologie und Pathogenese sind unzureichend erforscht. In der Therapie werden konservative und operative Maßnahmen eingesetzt. Ziel der Therapie ist die Verbesserung der Lebensqualität, Reduzierung der Stigmatisierung, Erhalt oder Verbesserung der Mobilität und Vermeidung von Folgeschäden wie der Gonarthrose.

Summary

Lipedema is an almost exclusively feminine disorder of adipose tissue and loose connective tissue. Diagnosis is based upon clinical features. The leading symptom is pain on involved body parts. Another typical symptom is bruising after minor trauma. The typical disproportional symmetrical lipohypertrophy is seen on upper and lower legs, hips, buttocks, upper and lower arms. The trunk and the most distal parts of the extremities remain unaffected. The disease shows an X-chromosomal dominant or autosomal-dominant inheritance. Etiology and pathogenesis are poorly understood. For treatment of lipedema, conservative and surgical methods are used. Treatment aims to improve quality of life, to reduce stigma, to maintain or improve mobility, and to prevent secondary complaints such as gonarthrosis.

Schlüsselwörter

Lipödem - Schmerz - Gefäßfragilität - Adipozyten - Therapie.

Key words

Lipedema - Pain - Vascular fragility - Adipocytes - Therapy.

Publication History

Article published online:
29 November 2022

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