Sportliche Aktivität und psychische Erkrankungen

Aktuelle Studien zeigen überzeugende Effekte sportlicher Aktivität bei Patienten mit psychischen Erkrankungen. Im ambulanten Versorgungskontext gibt es derzeit jedoch kaum sport-und bewegungstherapeutische Ansätze. Der Übersichtsartikel vermittelt Grundlagen zur Wirkung sportlicher Aktivität auf psychische Erkrankungen. Anhand des Gruppenprogramms „ImPuls“ wird eine potenzielle Umsetzung der Erkenntnisse in die ambulante Versorgung dargestellt.

¹ geteilte Erstautorenschaft

Publication History

Article published online:
13 October 2021

• Literatur

• 1 Jacobi F, Hofler M, Strehle J. et al. Mental disorders in the general population: Study on the health of adults in Germany and the additional module mental health (DEGS1-MH). Nervenarzt 2014; 85: 77-87
• 2 Meyer M, Wenzel J, Schenkel A. Krankheitsbedingte Fehlzeiten in der deutschen Wirtschaft im Jahr 2017. In: Badura B, Ducki A, Schröder H. et al Hrsg Fehlzeiten-Report 2018: Sinn erleben – Arbeit und Gesundheit. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2018: 331-536
• 3 Nübling R, Bär T, Jeschke K. et al. Versorgung psychisch kranker Erwachsener in Deutschland – Bedarf und Inanspruchnahme sowie Effektivität und Effizienz von Psychotherapie. Psychotherapeutenjournal 2014; 13: 389-397
• 4 Sudeck G, Thiel A. Sport, Wohlbefinden und psychische Gesundheit. In: Schüler J, Wegner M, Plessner H. Hrsg Sportpsychologie. Berlin: Springer; 2019
• 5 Ashdown-Franks G, Firth J, Carney R. et al. Exercise as Medicine for Mental and Substance Use Disorders: A Meta-review of the Benefits for Neuropsychiatric and Cognitive Outcomes. Sports Med 2020; 50: 151-170
• 6 Ainsworth BE, Haskell WL, Herrmann SD. et al. 2011 Compendium of Physical Activities: a second update of codes and MET values. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011; 43: 1575-1581
• 7 Rütten A, Pfeifer K. Nationale Empfehlungen für Bewegung und Bewegungsförderung. BZgA Forschung und Praxis der Gesundheitsförderung 2016; 3: 87
• 8 Mammen G, Faulkner G. Physical Activity and the Prevention of Depression A Systematic Review of Prospective Studies. Am J Preventive Med 2013; 45: 649-657
• 9 LeardMann CA, Kelton ML, Smith B. et al. Prospectively assessed posttraumatic stress disorder and associated physical activity. Public Health Rep 2011; 126: 371-383
• 10 Schuch FB, Stubbs B, Meyer J. et al. Physical activity protects from incident anxiety: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Depress Anxiety 2019; 36: 846-858
• 11 Lingineni RK, Biswas S, Ahmad N. et al. Factors associated with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder among US children: results from a national survey. BMC Pediatr 2012; 12: 50
• 12 Sporndly-Nees S, Asenlof P, Lindberg E. High or increasing levels of physical activity protect women from future insomnia. Sleep Medicine 2017; 32: 22-27
• 13 Sormunen E, Saarinen MM, Salokangas RKR. et al. Effects of childhood and adolescence physical activity patterns on psychosis risk-a general population cohort study. Npj Schizophrenia. 2017; 3: 5
• 14 Panza GA, Taylor BA, MacDonald HV. et al. Can exercise improve cognitive symptoms of Alzheimerʼs disease?. J Am Geriatr Soc 2018; 66: 487-495
• 15 Rhodes RE. The evolving understanding of physical activity behavior: a multi-process action control approach. In: Elliot AJ. ed Advances in motivation Science. München: Elsevier; 2017: 171-205
• 16 Morres ID, Hatzigeorgiadis A, Stathi A. et al. Aerobic exercise for adult patients with major depressive disorder in mental health services: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Depress Anxiety 2019; 36: 39-52
• 17 Cuijpers P, Karyotaki E, Reijnders M. et al. Was Eysenck right after all? A reassessment of the effects of psychotherapy for adult depression. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci 2019; 28: 21-30
• 18 Cipriani A, Furukawa TA, Salanti G. et al. Comparative efficacy and acceptability of 21 antidepressant drugs for the acute treatment of adults with major depressive disorder: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. The Lancet 2018; 391: 1357-1366 32802-32807
• 19 Bandelow B, Wiltink J, Alpers GW. et al. Deutsche S3-Leitlinie Behandlung von Angststörungen. 2014 Available from: www.awmf.org/leitlinien.html
• 20 Rosenbaum S, Vancampfort D, Steel Z. et al. Physical activity in the treatment of Post-traumatic stress disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res 2015; 230: 130-136
• 21 Hoskins M, Pearce J, Bethell A. et al. Pharmacotherapy for post-traumatic stress disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry 2015; 206: 93-100
• 22 Cusack K, Jonas DE, Forneris CA. et al. Psychological treatments for adults with posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev 2016; 43: 128-141
• 23 Stubbs B, Vancampfort D, Rosenbaum S. et al. An examination of the anxiolytic effects of exercise for people with anxiety and stress-related disorders: A meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res 2017; 249: 102-108
• 24 Aylett E, Small N, Bower P. Exercise in the treatment of clinical anxiety in general practice – a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Health Serv Res 2018; 18: 559
• 25 Dauwan M, Begemann MJ, Heringa SM. et al. Exercise Improves Clinical Symptoms, Quality of Life, Global Functioning, and Depression in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Schizophr Bull 2016; 42: 588-599
• 26 Jauhar S, McKenna PJ, Radua J. et al. Cognitivebehavioural therapy for the symptoms of schizophrenia: Systematic review and metaanalysis with examination of potential bias. Br J Psychiatry 2014; 204: 20-29 bp.112.116285
• 27 Cerrillo-Urbina AJ, Garcia-Hermoso A, Sanchez-Lopez M. et al. The effects of physical exercise in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials. Child Care Health Dev 2015; 41: 779-788
• 28 Banno M, Harada Y, Taniguchi M. et al. Exercise can improve sleep quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Peer J 2018; 6: e5172
• 29 Liu Y, Xu X, Dong M. et al. Treatment of insomnia with tricyclic antidepressants: a meta-analysis of polysomnographic randomized controlled trials. Sleep Med 2017; 34: 126-133
• 30 Koffel EA, Koffel JB, Gehrman PR. A meta-analysis of group cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia. Sleep Med Rev 2015; 19: 6-16
• 31 Jacquart J, Dutcher CD, Freeman SZ. et al. The effects of exercise on transdiagnostic treatment targets: A metaanalytic review. Behav Res Ther 2019; 115: 19-37
• 32 Scheewe TW, Backx FJ, Takken T. et al. Exercise therapy improves mental and physical health in schizophrenia: a randomised controlled trial. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2013; 127: 464-473
• 33 Powers MB, Medina JL, Burns S. et al. Exercise Augmentation of Exposure Therapy for PTSD: Rationale and Pilot Efficacy Data. Cogn Behav Ther 2015; 44: 314-327
• 34 Wolf S, Zeibig J, Hautzinger M. et al. Psychische Gesundheit durch Bewegung. ImPuls: Ein sport- und bewegungstherapeutisches Programm für Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen. Weinheim: Verlagsgruppe Beltz; 2020: 250
• 35 Montero D, Lundby C. Refuting the myth of non-response to exercise training:‘non-responders’ do respond to higher dose of training. J Physiology 2017; 595: 3377-3387
• 36 Ekkekakis P, Lind E. Exercise does not feel the same when you are overweight: the impact of self-selected and imposed intensity on affect and exertion. Int J Obesity 2006; 30: 652
• 37 Rhodes RE, Kates A. Can the affective response to exercise predict future motives and physical activity behavior? A systematic review of published evidence. Ann Behav Med 2015; 49: 715-731
• 38 Biddle SJ, Batterham AM. High-intensity interval exercise training for public health: a big HIT or shall we HIT it on the head?. Int J Behav Nutrition Physical Activity 2015; 12: 95
• 39 Möller-Leimkühler AM. Stigmatisierung psychisch Kranker aus der Perspektive sozialpsychologischer Stereotypenforschung. Fortschr Neurologie Psychiatrie 2004; 72: 36-44
• 40 Heath GW, Parra DC, Sarmiento OL. et al. Evidence-based intervention in physical activity: lessons from around the world. The Lancet 2012; 380: 272-281
• 41 Sudeck G, Pfeifer K. Physical activity-related health competence as an integrative objective in exercise therapy and health sports-conception and validation of a short questionnaire. Sportwissenschaft 2016; 46: 74-87
• 42 Geidl W, Fangmann C, Deprins J. et al. Inhalte und Methoden der Bewegungsförderung in der Bewegungstherapie: Die Sichtweisen bewegungstherapeutischer Akteure in der medizinischen Rehabilitation. B&G Bewegungstherapie und Gesundheitssport 2018; 34: 162-167