Kohlenhydratrestriktion bei Typ-2-Diabetes aus Sicht des Präventivmediziners

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG

Die Verminderung der Kohlenhydratzufuhr im Austausch gegen mehr Eiweiß und Fett verbessert den Glukosestoffwechsel bei Typ-2-Diabetespatienten und kann in einem hohen Prozentsatz sogar eine Diabetesremission ermöglichen. Darüber hinaus bewirkt die Restriktion der Kohlenhydratzufuhr eine erhebliche Verbesserung der triglyzeridreichen Lipoproteine und damit des non-HDL-Cholesterins bei gleichzeitigem Anstieg des HDL-Cholesterins. Ein leichter Anstieg des LDL-Cholesterins ist durch die Zunahme der LDL-Partikelgröße bedingt, wohingegen die kleinen, dichten LDL-Partikel (sd-LDL) und das Apolipoprotein B als Maß für die Anzahl der LDL-Partikel abnehmen. Insgesamt zeigen Interventionsstudien mit Reduktion der Kohlenhydratzufuhr eine Verbesserung des kardiovaskulären Risikoprofils bei Typ-2-Diabetespatienten.

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