Z Gastroenterol 2019; 57(10): 1218-1225
DOI: 10.1055/a-0981-6516
Originalarbeit
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Genetic prediction profile for adalimumab response in Slovenian Crohn’s disease patients

Genetisches Vorhersageprofil für die Adalimumab-Antwort bei den slowenischen Morbus-Crohn-Patienten
Mario Gorenjak
1   Center for Human Molecular Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Slovenia
,
Katja Repnik
1   Center for Human Molecular Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Slovenia
2   Laboratory of Biochemistry, Molecular biology and Genomics, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Slovenia
,
Gregor Jezernik
1   Center for Human Molecular Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Slovenia
,
Staša Jurgec
1   Center for Human Molecular Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Slovenia
2   Laboratory of Biochemistry, Molecular biology and Genomics, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Slovenia
,
Pavel Skok
1   Center for Human Molecular Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Slovenia
3   Department of Gastroenterology, University Medical Center Maribor, Slovenia
,
Uroš Potočnik
1   Center for Human Molecular Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Slovenia
2   Laboratory of Biochemistry, Molecular biology and Genomics, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Slovenia
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

08 March 2019

17 July 2019

Publication Date:
14 October 2019 (online)

Abstract

Introduction Response to anti-TNF therapy is crucial for life expectancy and life quality in patients with severe Crohn’s disease. We investigated if a previously reported gene expression profile predictive for infliximab response could be also applied to adalimumab response in an independent cohort.

Methods Forty-seven Slovene Crohn’s disease patients indicated for adalimumab therapy were enrolled in the study. Inflamed and non-inflamed colon biopsy samples were obtained during routine colonoscopy prior to adalimumab treatment. Response to adalimumab was measured with IBDQ. Gene expression in inflamed and non-inflamed colon biopsy samples was measured with RT-qPCR. Genotypes were extracted from previously available genotype data. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS software. The R package e1071 was used to train bootstrap aggregated support vector machines (SVM).

Results SVM prediction model analysis was used to analyze pooled, non-inflamed, and inflamed colon tissue datasets using IBDQ response after 4, 12, 20 and 30 weeks of adalimumab treatment. The bagging approach was used in an endeavor to obtain 100 % accuracy using 10 × 100 or 100 × 100 iterations. Average adalimumab response prediction accuracy is 75.5 % for pooled samples, 90.5 % for inflamed samples, and 100 % for non-inflamed samples. Moreover, models trained on selected SNPs from analyzed genes had an average accuracy of 92.8 %, confirming the involvement of genetic regions mapping the reported genes. Finally, using combined gene expression and SNP data we observed 100 % adalimumab response prediction accuracy for pooled, inflamed, and non-inflamed datasets.

Discussion Our study supports the reported genetic anti-TNF response profile and extends it for adalimumab prediction.

Zusammenfasung

Einleitung Eine ausreichende Antwort auf Anti-TNF-Behandlung mit Infliximab oder Adalimumab ist entscheidend für Lebenserwartung und Lebensqualität bei Patienten mit schwergradigem Morbus Crohn. Wir untersuchten, ob das zuvor beschriebene Genprofil zur Prognose des Therapieerfolgs mit Infliximab auch zur Prognose des Therapieerfolgs mit Adalimumab in einer unabhängigen Kohorte anwendbar ist.

Methodik 47 slowenische für Adalimumab-Behandlung indizierte Morbus-Crohn-Patienten wurden in die Studie aufgenommen. Vor der Behandlung mit Adalimumab wurden während der Kolonoskopie entzündete und nicht entzündete Gewebeproben entnommen. Die Reaktion auf Adalimumab wurde mit IBDQ gemessen. Die Genexpression in Gewebeproben wurde mit RT-qPCR gemessen. Genotypen wurden aus zuvor verfügbaren Genotypdaten extrahiert. Die statistische Analyse wurde mit SPSS-Software durchgeführt. Das R-Paket e1071 wurde zum Trainieren von Support Vector Machines benutzt.

Ergebnisse Die SVM-Vorhersagemodelle wurden verwendet, um die gepoolten, nicht entzündeten und entzündeten Darmproben-Datensätze mit Verwendung von IBDQ-Antwort nach 4, 12, 20 und 30 Wochen Adalimumab-Behandlung zu analysieren. Die Bagging-Methode wurde verwendet, um eine 100-%-Genauigkeit mit Verwendung von 10 × 100 oder 100 × 100 Iterationen zu erreichen. Die Adalimumab-Antwortvorhersage von gepoolten Datensätzen erreichte im Durchschnitt eine Genauigkeit von 75,5 %, von entzündeten Datensätzen 90,5 % und von nicht entzündeten Datensätzen 100 %. Zusätzlich haben die Modelle, die an ausgewählten SNPs in den analysierten Genen trainiert wurden, eine durchschnittliche Genauigkeit von 92,8 % erreicht. Schließlich kombinierten wir Expressions- und Genotypdaten, um den Vorhersagewert weiter zu analysieren. Mithilfe kombinierter Daten konnten wir mit Darmgewebe-Datensätzen eine Adalimumab-Antwortvorhersage mit hundertprozentiger Sicherheit feststellen.

Diskussion Unsere Studie unterstützt das genetische Anti-TNF-Antwortprofil, das für den Adalimumab-Therapieerfolg gleichermaßen relevant ist.

 
  • References

  • 1 Abraham C, Cho JH. Inflammatory bowel disease. N Engl J Med 2009; 361: 2066-2078
  • 2 Danese S, Fiorino G, Reinisch W. Review article: causative factors and the clinical management of patients with Crohn’s disease who lose response to anti-TNF-alpha therapy. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011; 34: 1-10
  • 3 Trinder MW, Lawrance IC. Efficacy of adalimumab for the management of inflammatory bowel disease in the clinical setting. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2009; 24: 1252-1257
  • 4 Sandborn WJ, Hanauer SB, Rutgeerts P. et al. Adalimumab for maintenance treatment of Crohn’s disease: results of the CLASSIC II trial. Gut 2007; 56: 1232-1239
  • 5 Rutgeerts P, Vermeire S, Van Assche G. Biological therapies for inflammatory bowel diseases. Gastroenterology 2009; 136: 1182-1197
  • 6 Sands BE, Anderson FH, Bernstein CN. et al. Infliximab maintenance therapy for fistulizing Crohn’s disease. N Engl J Med 2004; 350: 876-885
  • 7 Colombel JF, Sandborn WJ, Rutgeerts P. et al. Adalimumab for maintenance of clinical response and remission in patients with Crohn’s disease: the CHARM trial. Gastroenterology 2007; 132: 52-65
  • 8 Cottone M, Criscuoli V. Infliximab to treat Crohn’s disease: an update. Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2011; 4: 227-238
  • 9 Ben-Horin S, Kopylov U, Chowers Y. Optimizing anti-TNF treatments in inflammatory bowel disease. Autoimmun Rev 2014; 13: 24-30
  • 10 Restellini S, Chao CY, Lakatos PL. et al. Therapeutic drug monitoring guides the management of Crohn’s patients with secondary loss of response to adalimumab. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2018; 24: 1531-1538
  • 11 Arijs I, Quintens R, Van Lommel L. et al. Predictive value of epithelial gene expression profiles for response to infliximab in Crohn’s disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2010; 16: 2090-2098
  • 12 Medrano LM, Taxonera C, Gonzalez-Artacho C. et al. Response to infliximab in Crohn’s disease: genetic analysis supporting expression profile. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015: 318207
  • 13 Panaccione R, Loftus Jr EV, Binion D. et al. Efficacy and safety of adalimumab in Canadian patients with moderate to severe Crohn’s disease: results of the Adalimumab in Canadian SubjeCts with ModErate to Severe Crohn’s DiseaSe (ACCESS) trial. Can J Gastroenterol 2011; 25: 419-425
  • 14 Hlavaty T, Persoons P, Vermeire S. et al. Evaluation of short-term responsiveness and cutoff values of inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire in Crohn’s disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2006; 12: 199-204
  • 15 Guyatt G, Mitchell A, Irvine EJ. et al. A new measure of health status for clinical trials in inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology 1989; 96: 804-810
  • 16 Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD. Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) Method. Methods 2001; 25: 402-408
  • 17 Barrett JC, Fry B, Maller J. et al. Haploview: analysis and visualization of LD and haplotype maps. Bioinformatics 2005; 21: 263-265
  • 18 Kim HC, Pang S, Je HM. et al. Support Vector Machine Ensemble with Bagging. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2002
  • 19 Milner CM, Higman VA, Day AJ. TSG-6: a pluripotent inflammatory mediator?. Biochem Soc Trans 2006; 34: 446-450
  • 20 Lawrance IC, Fiocchi C, Chakravarti S. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease: distinctive gene expression profiles and novel susceptibility candidate genes. Hum Mol Genet 2001; 10: 445-456
  • 21 Dieckgraefe BK, Stenson WF, Korzenik JR. et al. Analysis of mucosal gene expression in inflammatory bowel disease by parallel oligonucleotide arrays. Physiol Genomics 2000; 4: 1-11
  • 22 Koczan D, Guthke R, Thiesen HJ. et al. Gene expression profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes from psoriasis patients identifies new immune regulatory molecules. Eur J Dermatol 2005; 15: 251-257
  • 23 Nagyeri G, Radacs M, Ghassemi-Nejad S. et al. TSG-6 protein, a negative regulator of inflammatory arthritis, forms a ternary complex with murine mast cell tryptases and heparin. J Biol Chem 2011; 286: 23559-23569
  • 24 Eggers K, Sikora K, Lorenz M. et al. RAGE-dependent regulation of calcium-binding proteins S100A8 and S100A9 in human THP-1. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2011; 119: 353-357
  • 25 Nakamura N, Shimaoka Y, Tougan T. et al. Isolation and expression profiling of genes upregulated in bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells of rheumatoid arthritis patients. DNA Res 2006; 13: 169-183
  • 26 Koder S, Repnik K, Ferkolj I. et al. Genetic polymorphism in ATG16L1 gene influences the response to adalimumab in Crohn’s disease patients. Pharmacogenomics 2015; 16: 191-204
  • 27 D’Haens GR, Geboes K, Peeters M. et al. Early lesions of recurrent Crohn’s disease caused by infusion of intestinal contents in excluded ileum. Gastroenterology 1998; 114: 262-267