Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2019; 223(05): 281-284
DOI: 10.1055/a-0755-2695
Original Article
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

The Prevalence of Anti-Rubella Antibodies in Pregnant Women of Turkey, Results of 94508 Patients in a Tertiary Referral Center

Umit Yasemin Sert
1   Perinatology, Zekai Tahir Burak Health Practice Research Center, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
,
A. Seval Ozgu-Erdinc
1   Perinatology, Zekai Tahir Burak Health Practice Research Center, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
,
Sibel Saygan
1   Perinatology, Zekai Tahir Burak Health Practice Research Center, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
,
Yaprak Engin-Ustun
2   Obstetrics and gynecology, Zekai Tahir Burak Health Practice Research Center, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 11 September 2018

accepted 30 September 2018

Publication Date:
31 October 2018 (online)

Abstract

Aim To determine the seroprevalence of rubella in a tertiary referral center inAnkara,Turkey.

Materials and methods A retrospective, cross-sectional study was performed from 2008 to 2017 at the outpatient clinic of Zekai Tahir Burak Women Health Care, Training and Research Hospital in Ankara, Turkey. The study included 94508 pregnant women and the patients were evaluated in terms of IgG and IgM status, IgG avidity and amniotic fluid PCR testing if needed.

Results Seropositivity for anti-rubella IgG and IgM were 89% and 0.19% respectively. 175 patients with IgM positivity were tested by avidity test, 114 patients were found to have high avidity and 57 patients with low avidity. 4 patients have accepted PCR testing and no positive result was found.

Conclusion In our sample of Turkish population, the rate of rubella IgG seropositivity was high suggesting that routine national vaccination programme for rubella is successful. Screening and vaccination of childbearing aged women and updating the national vaccination policy would be effective for the periodic decreases in the immunity.

Condensed Content

 
  • References

  • 1 Bouthry E, Picone O, Hamdi G. et al. Rubella and pregnancy: diagnosis, management and outcomes. Prenatal diagnosis 2014; 34: 1246-1253
  • 2 De Santis M, Cavaliere AF, Straface G. et al. Rubella infection in pregnancy. Reproductive Toxicology 2006; 21: 390-398
  • 3 Gregg NM. Congenital cataract following German measles in the mother. In, Problems of Birth Defects: Springer 1941; 170-180
  • 4 Cooper LZ. The history and medical consequences of rubella. Clinical Infectious Diseases 1985; 7: S2-S10
  • 5 Dontigny L, Arsenault MY, Martel MJ. et al. Rubella in pregnancy. J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2008; 30: 152-158
  • 6 Edlich RF, Winters KL, Long 3rd WB. et al. Rubella and congenital rubella (German measles). J Long Term Eff Med Implants 2005; 15: 319-328
  • 7 Cutts F, Vynnycky E. Modelling the incidence of congenital rubella syndrome in developing countries. International journal of epidemiology 1999; 28: 1176-1184
  • 8 Robertson SE, Featherstone DA, Gacic-Dobo M. et al. Rubella and congenital rubella syndrome: global update. Revista Panamericana de salud publica 2003; 14: 306-315
  • 9 Reef SE, Strebel P, Dabbagh A. et al. Progress toward control of rubella and prevention of congenital rubella syndrome – worldwide, 2009. The Journal of infectious diseases 2011; 204: S24-S27
  • 10 Organization WH. Global measles and rubella strategic plan: 2012–2020. Geneva: WHO; 2012. In; 2016
  • 11 Health UDo, Services H. and CDC. Control and prevention: Evaluation and Management of Suspected Outbreaks, Rubella in Pregnant Women, and Surveillance for Congenital Rubella Syndrome. MMWR 2001; 50: 1-23
  • 12 Cutts FT, Robertson SE, Diaz-Ortega J. et al. Control of rubella and congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) in developing countries, Part 1: Burden of disease from CRS. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 1997; 75: 55
  • 13 Best JM, O'Shea S, Tipples G. et al. Interpretation of rubella serology in pregnancy – pitfalls and problems. BMJ 2002; 325: 147-148
  • 14 Cradock-Watson JE, Ridehalgh MK, Anderson MJ. et al. Fetal infection resulting from maternal rubella after the first trimester of pregnancy. J Hyg (Lond) 1980; 85: 381-391
  • 15 Balcı O, Acar A, Çapar M. et al. Management of Amniocentesis in High Risk Pregnancies and The Evaluation of the Results. Gynecol Obstet Reprod Med 2006; 12: 85-91
  • 16 Coşkun A, Cemgil Arıkan D, Kıran G. et al. Retrospective Evaluation of Amniocentesis Cases. Gynecol Obstet Reprod Med 2009; 15: 12-16
  • 17 Danovaro-Holliday MC, LeBaron CW, Allensworth C. et al. A large rubella outbreak with spread from the workplace to the community. JAMA 2000; 284: 2733-2739
  • 18 Ghazi HO, Telmesani AM, Mahomed MF. TORCH agents in pregnant Saudi women. Med Princ Pract 2002; 11: 180-182
  • 19 Pedranti MS, Adamo MP, Macedo R. et al. Prevalence of anti-rubella and anti-parvovirus B19 antibodies in pregnant women in the city of Cordoba, and in women of fertile age in the city of Villa Mercedes, province of San Luis. Rev Argent Microbiol 2007; 39: 47-50
  • 20 Barreto J, Sacramento I, Robertson SE. et al. Antenatal rubella serosurvey in Maputo, Mozambique. Trop Med Int Health 2006; 11: 559-564
  • 21 Ocak S, Zeteroglu S, Ozer C. et al. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii, rubella and cytomegalovirus among pregnant women in southern Turkey. Scand J Infect Dis 2007; 39: 231-234
  • 22 Kanbur NO, Derman O, Kutluk T. et al. Age specific rubella seroprevalence of an unvaccinated population of adolescents in Ankara, Turkey. Jpn J Infect Dis 2003; 56: 23-25
  • 23 Aksakal FN, Maral I, Cirak MY. et al. Rubella seroprevalence among women of childbearing age residing in a rural region: is there a need for rubella vaccination in Turkey?. Jpn J Infect Dis 2007; 60: 157-160
  • 24 Osmanağaoğlu M, Aran T, Güven S. et al. Rubella Vaccination During Pregnancy Trabzon Turkey 2009. Gynecol Obstet Reprod Med 2010; 16: 149-151
  • 25 Caliskan D, Piyal B, Akdur R. et al. An analysis of the incidence of measles in Turkey since 1960. Turk J Med Sci 2016; 46: 1101-1106
  • 26 Ceyhan M, Bayhan C, Ozsurekci Y. et al. Determination Of The Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Burden In Turkey In Terms Of Various Vaccination Policies. Value in Health 2016; 19: A411
  • 27 Ekmekci PE. Syrian refugees, health and migration legislation in Turkey. Journal of immigrant and minority health 2017; 19: 1434-1441
  • 28 Cosgun Y, Guldemir D, Coskun A. et al. The importance of serological and molecular analyses for the diagnosis of measles cases and for meeting elimination targets in Turkey from 2007 to 2015. Epidemiology & Infection 2018; 146: 735-740
  • 29 Lopez AS, Cardemil C, Pabst LJ. et al. Two-dose varicella vaccination coverage among children aged 7 years – six sentinel sites, United States, 2006-2012. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2014; 63: 174-177
  • 30 Jablonka A, Happle C, Grote U. et al. Measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella seroprevalence in refugees in Germany in 2015. Infection 2016; 44: 781-787
  • 31 Sharara SL, Kanj SS. War and infectious diseases: challenges of the Syrian civil war. PLoS Pathogens 2014; 10: e1004438
  • 32 Lam E, McCarthy A, Brennan M. Vaccine-preventable diseases in humanitarian emergencies among refugee and internally-displaced populations. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics 2015; 11: 2627-2636