MRT von Sprunggelenk und Fuß: Varianten und Pitfalls

Evangelia Vassalou; Apostolos Karantanas; Josef Kramer

doi:10.1055/a-0657-7057

Radiologie up2date, Table of Contents

Radiologie up2date 2018; 18(04): 339-358
DOI: 10.1055/a-0657-7057

Muskuloskelettale Erkrankungen

Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

MRT von Sprunggelenk und Fuß: Varianten und Pitfalls

MRI of Ankle and Foot: Normal Variants and Pitfalls

Evangelia Vassalou

,

Apostolos Karantanas

,

Josef Kramer

Abstract

All articles of this category

An Sprunggelenk und Fuß können die teils komplexen anatomischen Strukturen mit der MRT sehr genau beurteilt werden. Technische Faktoren und anatomische Normvarianten können diese Beurteilung jedoch erschweren. In diesem Beitrag wird der Umgang mit solchen Schwierigkeiten vorgestellt.

Schlüsselwörter

Sprunggelenk - Fuß - Fallgruben - akzessorische Knochen - Ossikel - Sehnenveränderungen

Key words

ankle - foot - pitfalls - accessory bones - ossicles - tendon disorders

Full Text

References

Literatur
1 Bearcroft PW, Guy S, Bradley M. et al. MRI of the ankle: effect on diagnostic confidence and patient management. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2006; 187: 1327-1331
2 Bley TA, Wieben O, François CJ. et al. Fat and water magnetic resonance imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging 2010; 31: 4-18
3 Aoki T, Yamashita Y, Oki H. et al. Iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL) of the wrist and finger at 3 T: comparison with chemical shift selective fat suppression images. J Magn Reson Imaging 2013; 37: 733-738
4 Delfaut EM, Beltran J, Johnson G. et al. Fat suppression in MR imaging: techniques and pitfalls. Radiographics 1999; 19: 373-382
5 Bitar R, Leung G, Perng R. et al. MR pulse sequences: what every radiologist wants to know but is afraid to ask. Radiographics 2006; 26: 513-537
6 Hilfiker P, Zanetti M, Debatin JF. et al. Fast spin-echo inversion-recovery imaging versus fast T2-weighted spin-echo imaging in bone marrow abnormalities. Invest Radiol 1995; 30: 110-114
7 Mengiardi B, Pfirrmann CW, Schottle PB. et al. Magic angle effect in MR imaging of ankle tendons: influence of foot positioning on prevalence and site in asymptomatic subjects and cadaveric tendons. Eur Radiol 2006; 16: 2197-2206
8 Karantanas AH, Zibis AH, Papanikolaou N. Increased signal intensity on fat-suppressed three-dimensional T1-weighted pulse sequences in patellar tendon: magic angle effect?. Skeletal Radiol 2001; 30: 67-71
9 Gyftopoulos S, Bencardino JT. Normal variants and pitfalls in MR imaging of the ankle and foot. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2010; 18: 691-705
10 Zanetti M. Founderʼs lecture of the ISS 2006: borderlands of normal and early pathological findings in MRI of the foot and ankle. Skeletal Radiol 2008; 37: 875-884
11 Perdikakis E, Grigoraki E, Karantanas A. Os naviculare: the multi-ossicle configuration of a normal variant. Skeletal Radiol 2011; 40: 85-88
12 Miller TT. Painful accessory bones of the foot. Semin Musculoskel Radiol 2002; 6: 153-161
13 Mellado JM, Ramos A, Salvadó E. et al. Accessory ossicles and sesamoid bones of the ankle and foot: imaging findings, clinical significance and differential diagnosis. Eur Radiol 2003; 13 (Suppl. 06) L164-L177
14 Bernaerts A, Vanhoenacker FM, Van de Perre S. et al. Accessory navicular bone: not such a normal variant. JBR-BTR 2004; 87: 250-252
15 Miller TT, Staron RB, Feldman F. et al. The symptomatic accessory tarsal navicular bone: assessment with MR imaging. Radiology 1995; 195: 849-853
16 Schweitzer ME, Karasick D. MR Imaging of disorders of the posterior tibialis tendon. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2000; 175: 627-635
17 Chen YJ, Liang SC. Diagnostic efficacy of ultrasonography in stage I posterior tibial tendon dysfunction: sonographic-surgical correlation. J Ultrasound Med 1997; 16: 417-423
18 Khoury NJ, El-Khoury G, Saltzman C. et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1996; 167: 675-682
19 Wang XT, Rosenberg ZS, Mechlin MB. et al. Normal variants and diseases of the peroneal tendons and superior peroneal retinaculum: MR imaging features. Radiographics 2005; 25: 587-602
20 Didolkar MM, Malone AL, Nunley 2nd JA. et al. Pseudotear of the peroneus longus tendon on MRI, secondary to a fibrocartilaginous node. Skeletal Radiol 2012; 41: 1419-1425
21 Bencardino JT, Rosenberg ZS. Normal variants and pitfalls in MR imaging of the ankle and foot. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2001; 9: 447-463
22 Sammarco VJ, Cuttica DJ, Sammarco GJ. Lasso stitch with peroneal retinaculoplasty for repair of fractured os peroneum: a report of two cases. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2010; 468: 1012-1017
23 Bianchi S, Bortolotto C, Draghi F. Os peroneum imaging: normal appearance and pathological findings. Insights Imaging 2017; 8: 59-68
24 Sobel M, Pavlov H, Geppert MJ. et al. Painful os peroneum syndrome: a spectrum of conditions responsible for plantar lateral foot pain. Foot Ankle Int 1994; 15: 112-124
25 Roster B, Michelier P, Giza E. Peroneal Tendon Disorders. Clin Sports Med 2015; 34: 625-641
26 Saupe N, Mengiardi B, Pfirrmann CW. et al. Anatomic variants associated with peroneal tendon disorders: MR imaging findings in volunteers with asymptomatic ankles. Radiology 2007; 242: 509-517
27 Rademaker J, Rosenberg ZS, Beltran J. et al. Alterations in the distal extension of the musculus peroneus brevis with foot movement. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1997; 168: 787-789
28 Bilgili MG, Kaynak G, Botanlio H. et al. Peroneus quartus: prevalance and clinical importance. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2014; 134: 481-487
29 Cheung YY, Rosenberg ZS, Ramsinghani R. et al. Peroneus quartus muscle: MR imaging features. Radiology 1997; 202: 745-750
30 Ouzounian TJ, Anderson R. Anterior tibial tendon rupture. Foot Ankle Int 1995; 16: 406-410
31 Mengiardi B, Pfirrmann CW, Vienne P. et al. Anterior tibial tendon abnormalities: MR imaging findings. Radiology 2005; 235: 977-984
32 Mantel D, Falutre B, Bastian D. et al. Structural MRI study of the achilles tendon: correlation with microanatomy and histology. J Radiol 1996; 77: 261-265
33 Schweitzer ME, Karasick D. MR imaging of the disorders of the achilles tendon. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2000; 175: 613-625
34 Pierre-Jerome C, Moncayo V, Terk MR. MRI of the achilles tendon: a comprehensive review of the anatomy, biomechanics, and imaging of overuse tendinopathies. Acta Radiol 2010; 51: 438-454
35 Mengiardi B, Pfirrmann CW, Vienne P. et al. Medial collateral ligament complex of the ankle: MR appearance in asymptomatic subjects. Radiology 2007; 242: 817-824
36 Boss AP, Hintermann B. Anatomical study of the medial ankle ligament complex. Foot Ankle Int 2002; 23: 547-553
37 Rosenberg ZS, Bencardino J, Mellado JM. Normal variants and pitfalls in magnetic resonance imaging of the foot and ankle. Top Magn Reson Imaging 1998; 9: 262-272
38 Hermans JJ, Beumer A, de Jong TAW. et al. Anatomy of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis in adults: a pictorial essay with a multimodality approach. J Anat 2010; 217: 633-645
39 Oh CS, Won HS, Hur MS. et al. Anatomic variations and MRI of the intermalleolar ligament. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2006; 186: 943-947
40 Zubler V, Mengiardi B, Pfirrmann CW. et al. Bone marrow changes on STIR MR images of asymptomatic feet and ankles. Eur Radiol 2007; 17: 3066-3072
41 Elias I, Zoga AC, Schweitzer ME. et al. A specific bone marrow edema around the foot and ankle following trauma and immobilization therapy: pattern description and potential clinical relevance. Foot Ankle Int 2007; 28: 463-471
42 Lohman M, Kivisaari A, Vehmas T. et al. MR imaging abnormalities of foot and ankle in asymptomatic, physically active individuals. Skeletal Radiol 2001; 30: 6166
43 Papavasiliou A, Siatras T, Bintoudi A. et al. The gymnastsʼ hip and groin: a magnetic resonance imaging study in asymptomatic elite athletes. Skeletal Radiol 2014; 43: 1071-1077
44 Fleming 2nd JL, Dodd L, Helms CA. Prominent vascular remnants in the calcaneus simulating a lesion on MRI of the ankle: findings in 67 patients with cadaveric correlation. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2005; 185: 1449-1452
45 Mann RW, Owsley DW. Variation of a common accessory ossicle of the talus. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 1990; 80: 536-539
46 Bureau NJ, Cardinal E, Hobden R. et al. Posterior ankle impingement syndrome: MR imaging findings in seven patients. Radiology 2000; 215: 497-503
47 Karasick D, Schweitzer ME. The os trigonum syndrome: imaging features. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1996; 166: 125-129
48 Mann RW. Calcaneus secundarius: description and frequency in six skeletal samples. Am J Phys Anthropol 1990; 81: 17-25
49 Krapf D, Krapf S, Wyss C. Calcaneus secundarius – a relevant differential diagnosis in ankle pain: a case report and review of the literature. J Med Case Rep 2015; 9: 127
50 Ersen O, Akyıldız F, Ozyurek S. et al. Os calcaneus secundarius mimicking fracture. BMJ Case Rep 2013; 2013
51 Stauss J, Connolly LP, Perez-Rossello J. et al. Skeletal scintigraphy of possible os calcaneus secundarius. Clinl Nuc Med 2003; 28: 424-425
52 Ceroni D, De Coulon G, Spadola L. et al. Calcaneus secundarius presenting as calcaneonavicular coalition: a case report. J Foot Ankle Surg 2006; 45: 25-27
53 Kürklü M, Köse Ö, Yurttas Y. et al. Anterosuperior calcaneal process fracture or os calcaneus secundarius?. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2010; 89: 522
54 Kalantari BN, Seeger LL, Motamedi K. et al. Accessory ossicles and sesamoid bones: spectrum of pathology and imaging evaluation. Appl Radiol 2007; 36: 28
55 Robbins MI, Wilson MG, Sella EJ. MR imaging of anterosuperior calcaneal process fractures. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1999; 172: 475-479
56 Bencardino J, Rosenberg ZS, Beltran J. et al. Os sustentaculi: depiction on MR images. Skeletal Radiol 1997; 26: 505-506
57 Yun SJ, Jin W, Kim GY. et al. A different type of talocalcaneal coalition with os sustentaculum: the continued necessity of revision of classification. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2015; 205: W612-W618
58 Karasick D. Fractures and dislocations of the foot. Semin Roentgenol 1994; 29: 152-175
59 Sookur PA, Naraghi AM, Bleakney RR. et al. Accessory muscles: anatomy, symptoms, and radiologic evaluation. Radiographics 2008; 28: 481-499
60 Rosenberg ZS, Bencardino J, Cheung YY. et al. Normal muscle variants of the ankle. Radiology 1997; 205 (P): 645
61 Cheung Y. Normal Variants: Accessory muscles about the ankle. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2017; 25: 11-26
62 Witvrouw E, Borre KV, Willems TM. et al. The significance of peroneus tertius muscle in ankle injuries: a prospective study. Am J Sports Med 2006; 34: 1159-1163
63 Sammarco GJ, Henning C. Peroneus tertius muscle as a cause of snapping and ankle pain: a case report. Am J Sports Med 2007; 35: 1377-1379
64 Cheung YY, Rosenberg ZS, Colon E. et al. MR imaging of flexor digitorum accessories longus. Skeletal Radiol 1999; 28: 130-137
65 Eberle CF, Moran B, Gleason T. The accessory flexor digitorum longus as a cause of flexor hallucis syndrome. Foot Ankle Int 2002; 23: 51-55
66 Athavale SA, Geetha GN. Swathi. Morphology of flexor digitorum accessorius muscle. Surg Radiol Anat 2012; 34: 367-372
67 Kinoshita M, Okuda R, Morikawa J. et al. Tarsal tunnel syndrome associated with an accessory muscle. Foot Ankle Int 2003; 24: 132-136
68 Mellado JM, Rosenberg ZS, Beltran J. et al. The peroneocalcaneus internus muscle: MR imaging features. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1997; 169: 585-588
69 Seipel R, Linklater J, Pitsis G. et al. The peroneocalcaneus internus muscle: an unusual cause of posterior ankle impingement. Foot Ankle Int 2005; 26: 890-893
70 Luck MD, Gordon AG, Blebea JS. et al. High association between accessory soleus muscle and achilles tendonopathy. Skeletal Radiol 2008; 37: 1129-1133
71 Kendi TK, Erakar A, Oktay O. et al. Accessory soleus muscle. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2004; 94: 587-589
72 Lorentzon R, Wirell S. Anatomic variations of the accessory soleus muscle. Acta Radiol 1987; 28: 627-629
73 Brodie JT, Dormans JP, Gregg JR. et al. Accessory soleus muscle: a report of 4 cases and review of literature. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1997; 337: 180-186
74 Bianchi S, Abdelwahab IF, Oliveri M. et al. Sonographic diagnosis of accessory soleus muscle mimicking a soft tissue tumor. J Ultrasound Med 1995; 14: 707-709