Diabetes aktuell 2018; 16(02): 64-75
DOI: 10.1055/a-0618-4826
Schwerpunkt
Therapie
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

Moderne Therapie des Typ-1-Diabetes – Pumpentherapie mit Insulinanaloga

Indikationen, Daten zur Handhabung und Ausblicke
Erik Wizemann
1   Diabetologie, Endokrinologie und klinische Forschung, AUF DER BULT Kinder- und Jugendkrankenhaus, Hannover
,
Torben Biester
2   Diabetologische-Schwerpunktpraxis,-Herrenberg
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
13 June 2018 (online)

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG

Die kontinuierliche subkutane Insulininfusion mittels Pumpe (CSII) wird bei Erwachsenen mit Typ-1-Diabetes nach vorherigen Versuchen mit multiplen täglichen Insulininjektionen (MDI) angewandt bzw. bei Kindern häufig bereits kurz nach der Diabetesdiagnose eingeleitet. Grundvoraussetzung für den Erfolg der CSII sind die Motivation und Zuverlässigkeit der Patienten (bzw. bei Kindern der Eltern) sowie eine ausreichende Schulung. Insgesamt ergibt sich für die CSII ein breites Anwendungsspektrum. Mit der Pumpentherapie sind im Vergleich zu multipen täglichen Insulininektionen Reduktionen der glykämischen Variabilität, der HbA1c-Werte und schwerer Hypoglykämien möglich sowie Verbesserungen bei Lebensqualität und Therapiezufriedenheit. Spezifische unerwünschte Ereignisse der CSII können von der Pumpe, den Infusionssets und/ oder der Infusionsstelle ausgehen und nachfolgend Komplikationen wie Ketoazidosen oder schwere Hypoglykämien auslösen. Typischerweise werden bei der Pumpentherapie kurz wirksame Insulinanaloga verordnet. Für die Anwender besteht der Nutzen vor allem im nicht notwendigen oder geringeren „Bolus-Ess-Abstand“. Die kurz wirksamen Insulinanaloga unterscheiden sich hinsichtlich Insulinmolekül und Hilfsstoffen in den Formulierungen und daher auch in der Rate an Verschlüssen oder symptomatisschen Hypoglykämien bzw. ihrer Stabilität in der Pumpe. Fortschritte im Bereich der CSII zeichnen sich durch Weiterentwicklungen im Bereich der Closed-Loop-Systeme und durch neue Verfahren bzw. neue Insuline für den schnelleren Eintritt der Insulinwirkung ab.

 
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