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CC BY 4.0 · Brazilian Journal of Oncology 2020; 16: e-20200019
DOI: 10.5935/2526-8732.20200019
Review Article
Clinical Oncology

Metformin for the chemoprophylaxis of cancer: an update systematic review about the role of metformin in cancer prevention.

Metformina para a quimioprofilaxia do câncer: uma revisão sistemática atualizada sobre o papel da metformina na prevenção do câncer.

Mirella Nardo 
1   Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Discipline of Radiology and Oncology - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
,
Manoel Carlos Leonardi de Azevedo Souza
2   Hospital Beneficência Portuguesa, Department of Clinical Oncology - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
,
Renata Colombo Bonadio 
1   Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Discipline of Radiology and Oncology - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
,
Rachel Riechelmann 
3   AC Camargo Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Oncology - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
› Author Affiliations
Financial support: none to declare.
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ABSTRACT

Objective: Metformin has been evaluated as a possible molecule capable of preventing cancer. We performed a systematic review on this topic in 2014. However, since then, a plethora of studies has been conducted. Therefore we decided to undertake an updated systematic review. Methods: Systematic search in Medline from March 1st 2014 to May 16 2017, using the medical subject headings (MeSH descriptors) neoplasms, cancer and metformin, limiting the search to humans. Two independent investigators collected information. Results: 1428 potentially eligible articles were identified and 74 were eligible. Most studies showed conflicting results, with the majority being retrospective. However, a randomized placebo-controlled trial demonstrated that metformin reduced the incidence of colorectal polyps and adenomas. Conclusion: Except for colorectal cancer secondary prevention, current evidence does not support the use of metformin as a chemoprophylaxis agent in solid tumors. Controlled trials are necessary to prove the role of metformin on cancer prevention.

RESUMO

Objetivo: A metformina tem sido avaliada como uma possível molécula capaz de prevenir o câncer. Realizamos uma revisão sistemática sobre este tema em 2014. No entanto, desde então, uma infinidade de estudos foram realizados. Portanto, decidimos realizar uma revisão sistemática atualizada. Métodos: Pesquisa sistemática no Medline no período de 1o março de 2014 a 16 de maio de 2017, utilizando o Medical Subject Heading (MeSH descritores), neoplasias, câncer e metformina, limitando a busca por seres humanos. Dois investigadores independentes coletaram informações. Resultados: 1.428 artigos potencialmente elegíveis foram identificados e 74 foram elegíveis. A maioria dos estudos mostrou resultados conflitantes, sendo a maioria retrospectiva. No entanto, um estudo randomizado controlado por placebo demonstrou que a metformina reduziu a incidência de pólipos colorretais e adenomas. Conclusão: Com exceção da prevenção secundária ao câncer colorretal, evidências atuais não apoiam o uso de metformina como quimioprofilaxia em tumores sólidos. Estudos controlados são necessários para comprovar o papel da metformina na prevenção do câncer.

Keywords:

Metformin - Chemoprevention - Review

Palavras-chave:

Metformina - Quimioprevenção - Revisão

AUTHOR'S CONTRIBUTION

Mirella Nardo: Collection and assembly of data, Conception and design, Data analysis and interpretation, Final approval of manuscript, Manuscript writing.

Manoel Carlos Leonardi de Azevedo Souza: Collection and assembly of data, Data analysis and interpretation, Final approval of manuscript, Manuscript writing.

Renata Colombo Bonadio: Collection and assembly of data, Data analysis and interpretation, Final approval of manuscript, Manuscript writing.

Rachel P Riechelmann: Conception and design, Final approval of manuscript.




Publication History

Received: 07 March 2019

Accepted: 21 July 2019

Article published online:
06 August 2020

© 2022. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Bibliographical Record
Mirella Nardo, Manoel Carlos Leonardi de Azevedo Souza, Renata Colombo Bonadio, Rachel Riechelmann. Metformin for the chemoprophylaxis of cancer: an update systematic review about the role of metformin in cancer prevention.. Brazilian Journal of Oncology 2020; 16: e-20200019.
DOI: 10.5935/2526-8732.20200019
 

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