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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · South Asian J Cancer 2019; 08(04): 250-254
DOI: 10.4103/sajc.sajc_373_18
ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Lung Cancers

Predictive biomarkers in nonsmall cell carcinoma and their clinico-pathological association

Anurag Mehta
Department of Lab Services, Transfusion Medicine and Molecular Diagnostics, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi
,
Nayana N. Sriramanakoppa
Department of Laboratory Services and Transfusion Medicine, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi
,
Poojan Agarwal
Department of Laboratory Services and Transfusion Medicine, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi
,
Gayatri Viswakarma
Department of Research, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi
,
Smreti Vasudevan
Department of Research, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi
,
Manoj Panigrahi
Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Cell Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi
,
Dushyant Kumar
Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Cell Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi
,
Mumtaz Saifi
Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Cell Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi
,
Irfan Chowdhary
Department of Laboratory Services and Transfusion Medicine, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi
,
D.C Doval
Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Cell Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi
Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi
,
Moushumi Suryavanshi
Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Cell Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi
› Author Affiliations Financial support and sponsorship Nil.
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Abstract

Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Genome-directed therapy is less toxic, prolongs survival and provides a better quality of life. Predictive biomarker testing, therefore, has become a standard of care in advanced lung cancers. The objective of this study was to relate clinical and pathological features, including response to targeted therapy (TT) and progression-free survival (PFS) with positive driver mutation. Materials and Methods: Archival data of nonsmall cell carcinoma patients with Stage IV disease were retrieved. Those who tested positive for one of the four biomarkers (epidermal growth factor receptor [EGFR], anaplastic lymphoma kinase [ALK], MET, and ROS) were included. Patient demographics and clinical features were reviewed. Tumor histomorphology was correlated with oncological drivers. Treatment response, PFS, and overall survival were studied in three subcohorts of patients who received computed tomography (CT), CT followed by TT and those who received TT in the first line. Results: A total of 900 patients underwent biomarker evaluation of which 288 tested positive. Frequency of the four biomarkers observed was 26.6% (229/860), 6.6% (51/775), 6.6% (5/75), and 5.1% (3/59) for EGFR, ALK, MET, and ROS-1, respectively. The median PFS for EGFR-mutated cohort was 12 months, whereas it was 21 months for ALK protein overexpressing cases. Patients treated with first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors performed better compared to those who were switched from chemotherapy to TT or those who received chemotherapy alone (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Biomarker testing has improved patient outcome. Genome-directed therapy accords best PFS with an advantage of nearly 10 months over cytotoxic therapy.

Key words

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase 1 - epidermal growth factor receptor - MET - nonsmall cell carcinoma - ROS


Publication History

Article published online:
14 December 2020

© 2019. MedIntel Services Pvt Ltd. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.)

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