Abstract
Pyomyositis is extremely rare after chemotherapy for nonhematological malignancies.
We report a patient of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, who developed multifocal pyomyositis
in bilateral lower limbs after the first cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with vincristine,
ifosfamide, mesna, and etoposide. The diagnosis of pyomyositis was reached after ultrasound
and contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan of bilateral lower limbs. Staphylococcus
and Streptococcus were isolated from pus. This patient was treated with 4 weeks of
antibiotics, besides ultrasound-guided pus aspiration and open surgical debridement.
To the best of our knowledge, no case of rhabdomyosarcoma with pyomyositis following
chemotherapy has been reported so far.
Keywords
Chemotherapy - multifocal pyomyositis - rhabdomyosarcoma