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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 2020; 41(04): 492-509
DOI: 10.4103/ijmpo.ijmpo_135_20
DOI: 10.4103/ijmpo.ijmpo_135_20
Review Article
Hodgkin Lymphoma in Children and Adolescents: Advances in Pathology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Strategies
Financial support and sponsorship Nil.
Abstract
Strategies used for the treatment of children with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) over the last four decades have resulted in excellent long-term survivals. However, the short- and long-term treatment-associated morbidities were high. In an attempt to reduce complications, the current treatment strategies apply initial risk stratification principles based on certain host and tumor risk factors to help assign patients to the appropriate risk group and tailor therapy based on response to chemotherapy (CTR). Radiotherapy (RT) was only given to certain groups of patients who show suboptimal response to CTR. Enrollment of patients in clinical trials allowed testing newer treatment strategies, which has improved the outcome significantly. High-dose CTR with stem cell support remains the mainstay of treatment for relapsed and refractory HL. Newer targeted medications are being increasingly used for the treatment of patients with relapsed and refractory HL, but results are variable. In this review report, we give extensive account about the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, histopathological diagnosis, modern investigation techniques, the most recent risk adapted treatment strategies, and the use and effect of novel medications. In addition, we discuss in details the short- and long-term therapy-related complications and future prospects in the management of HL.
Keywords
18Fluorodeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography scan - chemotherapy - Hodgkin lymphoma - pathological classification - radiotherapy - staging systemPublication History
Received: 05 April 2020
Accepted: 18 April 2020
Article published online:
17 May 2021
© 2020. Indian Society of Medical and Paediatric Oncology. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.)
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