Download PDF
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 2010; 31(03): 96-100
DOI: 10.4103/0971-5851.73603
CASE REPORT

Primary plasma cell leukemia with light chain secretion and multiple chromosomal abnormalities: How successfully treated? - A case report with review of literature

Manu Goyal
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Indo-American Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Hyderabad, India
,
Noorjahan Mohammad
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Indo-American Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Hyderabad, India
,
Satya Dattatreya Palanki
Department of Medical Oncology, Indo-American Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Hyderabad, India
,
Salil N Vaniawala
Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology, Gene Lab, Nanpura, Surat - 395 001, India
› Author Affiliations
Source of Support Nil.
› Further Information
Also available at
 PDF Download Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

Primary plasma cell leukemia is a rare form of plasma cell dyscrasia. We present a case which had leukocytosis with numerous circulating plasma cells in the peripheral blood. Flow cytometry revealed an unusual CD117 expression. Free light chain analysis in the serum showed a markedly elevated level of free lambda light chains. Radiography did not reveal any lytic lesions. Fluorescent in-situ hybridization analysis revealed deletion of 13q14.3 and t(4;14)/t(11;14), while the cytogenetic analysis was normal. The patient was given chemotherapy and was subjected to autologous stem cell transplant, after which she is in complete remission till date.

Keywords

Flow cytometry - fluorescent in-situ hybridization - free light chains - primary plasma cell leukemia - transplant


Publication History

Article published online:
19 November 2021

© 2010. Indian Society of Medical and Paediatric Oncology. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.)

Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
A-12, 2nd Floor, Sector 2, Noida-201301 UP, India

 

  • References

  • 1 Dimopoulos MA, Palumbo A, Delasalle KB, Alexanian R. Primary plasma cell leukemia. Br J Hematol 1994;88:754-9.
  • 2 Kosmo MA, Gale RP. Plasma cell leukemia. Semin Hematol 1987;24:202-8.
  • 3 Bernasconi C, Castelli G, Pagnucco G, Brusamolino E. Plasma cell leukemia: A report on 15 patients. Eur J Haematol Suppl 1989;51:76-83.
  • 4 Kyle RA, Maldonado JE, Bayrd ED. Plasma cell leukemia. Report on 17 cases. Arch Intern Med 1974;133:813-8.
  • 5 Blade J, Kyle RA. Nonsecretory myeloma, immunoglobulin D myeloma, and plasma cell leukemia. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 1999;13:1259-72.
  • 6 McKenna RW, Kyle RA, Kuehl WM, Grogan TM, Harris NL, Coupland RW. Plasma cell Neoplasms. In: Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Pileri SA, Stein H, et al., editors. WHO Classifications of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. 4th ed. Lyon: IARC; 2008. p. 200-13.
  • 7 Garcia-Sanz R, Orfao A, Gonzalez M, Tabernero MD, Blade J, Moro MJ, et al. Primary plasma cell leukemia: Clinical, immunophenotypic, DNA ploidy and cytogenetic characteristics. Blood 1999;93:1032-7.
  • 8 Taniwaki M, Nishida K, Ueda Y, Takashima T. Non-random chromosomal rearrangements and their implications in clinical features and outcome of multiple myeloma and plasma cell leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 1996;21:25-30.
  • 9 Ueshima Y, Fukuhara S, Nagai K, Takatsuki K, Uchino H. Cytogenetic studies and clinical aspects of patients with plasma cell leukemia and leukemic macroglobulinemia. Cancer Res 1983;43:905-12.
  • 10 Weh HJ, Gutensohn K, Selbach J, Kruse R, Wacker-Backhaus G, Seeger D, et al. Karyotype in multiple myeloma and plasma cell leukaemia. Eur J Cancer 1993;29A:1269-73.
  • 11 Gutensohn K, Weh HJ, Walter TA, Hossfeld DK. Cytogenetics in multiple myeloma and plasma cell leukemia: Simultaneous cytogenetic and cytologic studies in 51 patients. Ann Hematol 1992;65:88-90.
  • 12 Saccaro S, Fonseca R, Veillon DM, Cotelingam J, Nordberg ML, Bredeson C, et al. Primary plasma cell leukemia: Report of 17 new cases treated with autologous or allogeneic stem-cell transplantation and review of the literature. Am J Hematol 2005;78:288-94.
  • 13 Gertz MA. Managing plasma cell leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2007;48:5-6.
  • 14 Dimopoulos MA, Kastritis E, Rajkumar SV. Treatment of plasma cell dyscrasias with lenalidomide. Leukemia 2008;22:1343-53.
  • 15 Lacy MQ, Gertz MA, Dispenzieri A, Hayman SR, Geyer S, Kabat B, et al. Long-term results of response to therapy, time to progression, and survival with lenalidomide plus dexamethasone in newly diagnosed myeloma. Mayo Clin Proc 2007;82:1179-84.