JAAA CEU Program

Questions refer to Uhler et al, “Refining Stimulus Parameters in Assessing Infant Speech Perception Using Visual Reinforcement Infant Speech Discrimination in Infants with and without Hearing Loss: Presentation Level,” 847–854.

Learner Outcomes:

Readers of this article should be able to:

• Identify differences in speech discrimination abilities for infants with and without hearing loss.

• Describe the clinical methods used in VRISD.

CEU Questions:

1. The level at which infants can discriminate between /ba/ and /da/ is _______ compared to the level at which adults can discriminate /ba/ and /da/, which is ________.

   • 20–25 dB; 10–15 dB

   • 10–15 dB; 20–25 dB

   • 15–25 dB; 20–25 dB

2. Which contrast (/ba-da/ or /a-i/) can normal hearing infants discriminate at a lower presentation level?

   • /ba-da/

   • /a-i/

   • infants can discriminate /ba-da/ and /a-i/ at the same presentation level

3. The effect of presentation level on speech discrimination overall for infants with normal hearing and for infants with hearing loss is:

   • similar

   • different

   • there was no effect of presentation level

4. The proportion of infants with hearing loss who achieved criterion on _______ was higher than the proportion that reached criterion on _______.

   • there was no difference in the proportion of infants with hearing loss who achieved criterion on /a-i/ and /ba-da/

   • /a-i/; /ba-da/

   • /ba-da/; /a-i/

5. Which contrast is relatively more difficult for infants with hearing loss to discriminate when compared to their normal hearing peers?

   • /a-i/

   • /ba-da/

   • there is no difference

6. For infants with hearing loss, what factors played a role in improved performance on discriminating /a-i/ during VRISD testing?

   • higher aided SII and lower high frequency pure tone average

   • degree of hearing loss and lower aided SII

   • higher aided SII and their ability to discriminate /ba-da/

7. What is the range of the presentation level at which both infants with hearing loss and infants with normal hearing would be expected to discriminate /a-i/?

   • 50–70 dBA

   • 60–65 dBA

   • 56–63 dBA

8. Considering infants with hearing loss who did not reach criterion at 50 dBA:

   • increasing the presentation level INCREASED the likelihood that they would reach criterion at the other levels

   • increasing the presentation level DID NOT INCREASE the likelihood that they would reach criterion at the other levels

   • increasing the presentation level DECREASED the likelihood that they would reach criterion at the other levels

9. Hearing age:

   • was a predictor of an infant’s ability to reach criterion

   • was not a predictor of an infant’s ability to reach criterion

   • hearing age was not assessed in this study

10. For infants with hearing loss, audibility:

    • was an insufficient predictor for reaching criterion on /a-i/ but was a sufficient predictor for reaching criterion on /ba-da/

    • was a sufficient predictor for reaching criterion on /a-i/ and /ba-da/

    • was a sufficient predictor for reaching criterion on /a-i/ but was not an insufficient predictor for reaching criterion on /ba-da/