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Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2013; 26(02): 94-99
DOI: 10.3415/VCOT-12-03-0034
Original Research
Schattauer GmbH

Effects of transection of the cranial arm of the medial glenohumeral ligament on shoulder stability in adult Beagles

Y. Fujita
1   Laboratory of Surgery II, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
,
S. Yamaguchi
2   Tokyo Animal Orthopaedic Surgery Hospital, Yamaguchi Pet Clinic, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
,
K. A. Agnello
3   Department of Clinical Studies - Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
,
M. Muto
1   Laboratory of Surgery II, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Received 05 March 2012

Accepted 04 October 2012

Publication Date:
18 December 2017 (online)

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Summary

Objective: To assess the effects of arthroscopic transection of the cranial arm of the medial glenohumeral ligament on shoulder stability.

Animals: Six adult Beagles.

Procedures: After transection, the effects were compared with baseline values by orthopaedic and radiographic examinations, by synovial fluid analysis at two, four, and six weeks, and by arthroscopic evaluation at six weeks. The articular surfaces of the glenoid cavity and humeral head were evaluated radiographically and arthroscopically for evidence of arthritis, and five intra-articular regions were examined arthroscopically for villus reactions and vascularisation.

Results: According to orthopaedic examinations (including measurement of the abduction angle), radiography, and synovial fluid analyses, there were no abnormal findings. Arthroscopically, the articular surfaces of the glenoid cavity and humeral head showed no signs of degeneration, but the craniomedial and caudal joint capsules had significant villus reactions and the subscapularis tendon and medial glenohumeral ligament had significant vascularisation. The biceps tendon was unchanged.

Conclusions: Transection of the cranial arm of the medial glenohumeral ligament in normal Beagles did not appear to affect shoulder stability. However, villus reactions and vascularisation in the medial compartment suggest that damage to the medial glenohumeral ligament may trigger a process in which inflammation can lead to enzymatic breakdown of cartilage. Exacerbated by weight bearing and repetitive motion, this may result in shoulder instability over time.

Keywords

Shoulder instability - arthroscopy
 

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