Subscribe to RSS
Please copy the URL and add it into your RSS Feed Reader.
https://www.thieme-connect.de/rss/thieme/en/10.1055-s-00035023.xml
Download PDF
Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2008; 21(02): 99-105
DOI: 10.3415/VCOT-07-11-0105
DOI: 10.3415/VCOT-07-11-0105
Review Article
A review of post-operative infections in veterinary orthopaedic surgery
Further Information
Publication History
Received
28 November 2007
Accepted
06 January 2007
Publication Date:
17 December 2017 (online)
Summary
Surgical site infections are an inherent risk in orthopaedic surgery and many of the infections that develop are likely to be non-preventable. However, a variety of measures can be undertaken to reduce the risk and impact of surgical site infections. The development and implementation of an infection control program, including surgical site infection surveillance, can be an important tool for patient management. All veterinary practices should have some form of infection control program in order to address surgical site infections, among other issues, and to provide the optimal and expected level of care.
-
References
- 1 Garrett L. Betrayal of trust: the collapse of global public health. New York: Hyperion; 2000
- 2 Horan TC, Gaynes RP, Martone WJ. et al. CDC definitions of nosocomial surgical site infections, 1992: a modification of CDC definitions of surgical wound infections. Am J Infect Control 1992; 20: 271-274.
- 3 Mangram AJ, Horan TC, Pearson ML. et al. The Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. Guidelines for prevention of surgical site infection. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1999; 20: 247-278.
- 4 Barie Barie, Eachempati SR. Surgical site infections. Surg Clin N Am 2005; 85: 1115-1135.
- 5 Muilwijk J, van den Hof S, Wille JC. Associations between surgical site infection risk and hospital operation volume and surgeon operation volume among hospitals in the Dutch nosocomial infection surveillance network. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2007; 28: 557-563.
- 6 Cruse Cruse, Foord R. The epidemiology of wound infection. A 10-year prospective study of 62,939 wounds. Surg Clin North Am 1980; 60: 27-40.
- 7 MacDonald DG, Morley PS, Bailey JV. et al. An examination of the occurrence of surgical wound infection following equine orthopaedic surgery (1981-1990). Equine Vet J 1994; 26: 323-326.
- 8 Eugster S, Schawalder P, Gaschen F. et al. A prospective study of postoperative surgical site infections in dogs and cats. Vet Surg 2004; 33: 542-550.
- 9 Brown D, Conzemius M, Shofer F. et al. Epidemi- ologic evaluation of postoperative wound infections in dogs and cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1997; 210: 1302-1306.
- 10 Nicholson M, Beal M, Shofer F. et al. Epidemi- ologic evaluation of postoperative wound infection in clean-contaminated wounds: A retrospective study of239 dogs and cats. Vet Surg 2002; 31: 577-581.
- 11 Heldmann E, Brown D, Shofer F. The association of propofol usage with postoperative wound infection rate in clean wounds: a retrospective study. Vet Surg 1999; 28: 256-259.
- 12 Whittem T, Johnson A, Smith C. et al. Effect of perioperative prophylactic antimicrobial treatment in dogs undergoing elective orthopedic surgery. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1999; 215: 212-216.
- 13 Vasseur PB, Levy J, Dowd E. et al. Surgical wound infection rates in dogs and cats. Data from a teaching hospital. Vet Surg 1988; 17: 60-64.
- 14 Vasseur PB, Paul HA, Enos LR. et al. Infection rates in clean surgical procedures: a comparison of ampicillin prophylaxis vs a placebo. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1985; 187: 825-827.
- 15 Lee JT. Surgical site infection surveillance: accomplishments and pitfalls. Surg Infect 2006; 7: S43-S55.
- 16 National Association of State Public Health Veterinarians. Compendium of Veterinary Standard Precautions. 2006 doc. 2006 [cited September 4, 2007]; Available from: http://www.nasphv.org/ documentsCompendia.html
- 17 Haley RW, Quade D, Freeman HE. et al. The SENIC Project. Study on the efficacy of nosocomial infection control (SENIC Project). Summary of study design. Am J Epidemiol 1980; 111: 472-485.
- 18 Babcock HM, Matava MJ, Fraser V. Postarthro- scopy surgical site infections: review of the literature. Clin Infect Dis 2002; 34: 65-71.
- 19 Wilson J. Surveillance of surgical site infection in orthopaedic surgery is useful in tackling hospital- acquired infections in England. Euro Surveill. 2005 10. E051117.3.
- 20 Condon RE, Schulte WJ, Malangoni MA. et al. Effectiveness of a surgical wound surveillance program. Archives of surgery (Chicago, IL: 1960) 1983; 118: 303-307.
- 21 Thomlinson J. Aseptic surgical principles and techniques. In: Whittick WG. editor. Canine orthopedics. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger; 1990: 123-145.
- 22 Kelkar U, Bal AM, Kulkarni S. Monitoring of steam sterilization process by biologic indi- cators-a necessary surveillance tool. Am J Infect Control 2004; 30: 512-513.
- 23 Freeman DE. Sterilization and antiseptics. In: Auer JA, Stick JA. editors. Equine surgery. Phildelphia: Saunders Elsevier; 2006: 112-122.
- 24 Rutala Rutala, Weber DJ. Infection control: the role of disinfection and sterilization. J Hosp Infect 1999; 43: S43-S55.
- 25 Giguere Giguere, Walker RD. Antimicrobial prophylaxis for surgery. In: Giguere S, Prescott JF, Baggot JD, Walker RD, Dowling PM. editors. Antimicrobial therapy in veterinary medicine. Ames, Iowa: Blackwell Publishing; 2006: 340-344.
- 26 Waguespack RW, Burba DJ, Moore RM. Surgical site infection and the use of antimicrobials. In: Auer JA, Stick JA. editors. Equine Surg. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier; 2006: 70-87.
- 27 Bert JM, Giannini D, Nace L. Antibiotic prophylaxis for arthroscopy of the knee: is it necessary?. Arthroscopy 2007; 23: 4-6.
- 28 Wieck JA, Jackson JK, O'Brien TJ. et al. Efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics in arthroscopic surgery. Orthopedics 1997; 20: 133-134.
- 29 Kurzweil P. Antibiotic prophylaxis for arth- roscopic surgery. Arthroscopy 2006; 22: 452-454.
- 30 Weese Weese, Halling K. Perioperative administration of antimicrobials associated with elective surgery for cranial cruciate ligament rupture in dogs: 83 cases (2003-2005). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2006; 229: 92-95.
- 31 Stick JA. Preparation of the surgical patient, the surgery facility, and the operating team. In: Auer JA, Stick JA. editors. Equine Surgery. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier; 2006: 123-140.
- 32 Winston KR. Hair and neurosurgery. Neurosurgery 1992; 31: 320-329.
- 33 Hamilton HW, Hamilton KR, Lone FJ. Preoperative hair removal. Can J Surg 1977; 20: 269-271 274-275.
- 34 Seropian Seropian, Reynolds BM. Wound infections after preoperative depilatory versus razor preparation. Am J Surg 1971; 121: 251-254.
- 35 Masterson TM, Rodeheaver GT, Morgan RF. et al. Bacteriologic evaluation of electric clippers for surgical hair removal. Am J Surg 1984; 148: 301-302.
- 36 Osuna DJ, DeYoung DJ, Walker RL. Comparison of three skin preparation techniques. Part 2: Clinical trial in 100 dogs. Vet Surg 1990; 19: 20-23.
- 37 Mathews KA, Brooks MJ, Valliant AE. A prospective study of intravenous catheter contamination. J Vet Emerg Crit Care 1996; 6: 33-43.
- 38 Wan PY, Blackford JT, Bemis DA. et al. Evaluation of surgical scrub methods for large animal surgeons. Vet Surg 1997; 26: 382-385.
- 39 Hsieh HF, Chiu HH, Lee FP. Surgical hand scrubs in relation to microbial counts: systematic literature review. J Adv Nurs 2006; 55: 68-78.
- 40 Mulberrry G, Snyder AT, Heilman J. et al. Evaluation of a waterless, scrubless chlorhexidine glu- conate/ethanol surgical scrub for antimicrobial efficacy. Am J Infect Control 2001; 29: 377-382.
- 41 Hobson DW, Woller W, Anderson L. et al. Development and evaluation of a new alcohol-based surgical hand scrub formulation with persistent antimicrobial characteristics and brushless application. Am J Infect Control 1998; 26: 507-512.
- 42 Corder K, Knowles T, Holt P. Factors affecting bacterial counts during preparation of the hands for aseptic surgery. Vet Rec 2007; 160: 897-901.
- 43 Larson EL. APIC guideline for handwashing and hand antisepsis in health care settings. Am J Infect Control 1995; 23: 251-269.
- 44 Pottinger J, Burns S, Manske C. Bacterial carriage by artificial versus natural nails. Am J Infect Control 1989; 17: 340-344.
- 45 Lidwell OM, Elson RA, Lowbury EJ. et al. Ultra- clean air and antibiotics for prevention of postpoe- rative infections. A multicenter study of 8,052 joint replacement operations. Acta Orthop Scan 1987; 58: 4-13.
- 46 Binnet M, Başarir K. Risk and outcome of infection after different arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction techniques. Arthroscopy 2007; 23: 862-868.
- 47 Gastmeier P, Sohr D, Brandt C. et al. Reduction of orthopaedic wound infections in 21 hospitals. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2005; 125: 526-530.
- 48 Hollenbeak C, Lave J, Zeddies T. et al. Factors associated with risk of surgical wound infections. Am J Med Qual 2006; 21 (Suppl. 07) S29S-34.
- 49 Williams RJ, Laurencin CT, Warren RF. et al. Septic arthritis after arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Diagnosis and management. Am J Sports Med 1997; 25: 261-267.
- 50 Billings L, Vasseur PB, Fancher C. et al. Wound infection rates in dogs and cats after use of cotton muslin or disposable impermeable fabric as barrier material: 720 cases (1983-1989). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1990; 197: 889-892.
- 51 Olmstead ML, Hohn RB, Turner TM. A five-year study of 221 total hip replacements in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1983; 183: 191-194.
- 52 Paul Paul, Bargar WL. A modified technique for canine total hip replacement. J Am Animal Hosp Assoc 1987; 23: 16-17.
- 53 Parker RB, Bloomberg MS, Bitetto W. et al. Canine total hip arthroplasty: a clinical review of 20 cases. J Am Animal Hosp Assoc 1984; 20: 97-103.
- 54 Lafaver S, Miller N, Stubbs W. et al. Tibial tuberosity advancement for stabilization of the canine cranial cruciate ligament-deficient stifle joint: surgical technique, early results, and complications in 101 dogs. Vet Surg 2007; 36: 573-586.
- 55 Bergh M, Gilley R, Shofer F. et al. Complications and radiographic findings following cemented total hip replacement: a retrospective evaluation of 97 dogs. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2006; 19: 172-179.
- 56 Smith Smith, Ross MW. Postoperative infection with Actinobacillus spp in horses: 10 cases (1995-2000). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2002; 221: 1306-1310.
- 57 Hance SR, Bramlage LR, Schneider RK. et al. Retrospective study of 38 cases of femur fractures in horses less than one year of age. Equine Vet J 1992; 24: 357-363.
- 58 McIlwraith CW, Yovich JV, Martin GS. Arth- roscopic surgery for the treatment of osteochon- dral chip fractures in the equine carpus. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1987; 191: 531-540.