Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in acute brain trauma

Summary

Aim: This study was performed to evaluate the effects of intravenously transplanted rat bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) in an acute brain trauma model using serial ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) in rat models. Animals, methods: Trauma models were made using a controlled cortical impact injury device. The stem cell treatment group was treated with intravenous injections of BMSCs, and models without stem cell therapy comprised the control group. Serial ¹⁸F-FDG PET images were obtained 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after trauma. The difference in ¹⁸F-FDG uptake between day 1 and each time point after trauma was analyzed with SPM2 (uncorrected p < 0.005). Results: The stem cell treatment group demonstrated significantly higher ¹⁸F-FDG uptake in the right parietal region at 14 days after trauma than at 1 day after trauma. An increase in glucose metabolism in the right parietal cortex appeared on days 21 and 28 after trauma in the group without stem cell treatment. The ¹⁸F-FDG uptake in the brain was improved over a broader area, including the right parietal and right primary somatosensory cortex, on days 21 and 28 after trauma in the stem cell treatment group compared with the group without stem cell treatment. Conclusion: BMSC therapy in trauma models led to improved glucose metabolism. This result might support the therapeutic effect of stem cells in brain trauma.

Zusammenfassung

Ziel: In dieser Studie sollten mittels serieller ¹⁸F-Fluordeoxyglukose(¹⁸F-FDG)-Positronenemissionstomographie (PET) die Wirkungen von intravenös transplantierten, aus RattenKnochenmark gewonnenen mesenchymalen Stammzellen (rBMSC) auf das experimentelle akute Hirntrauma im Rattenmodell untersucht werden. Tiere, Methoden: Die Traumamodelle wurden mit Hilfe einer Vorrichtung für experimentelle Schädel-Hirn-Traumata (CCI) erzeugt. Die Stammzell-Gruppe wurde mit intravenösen Injektionen von BMSC behandelt, Tiere ohne Stammzelltherapie bildeten die Kontrollgruppe. An den Tagen 1, 7, 14, 21 und 28 nach dem Trauma wurden serielle ¹⁸F-FDG-PET-Aufnahmen gemacht. Die Unterschiede in der ¹⁸F-FDG-Aufnahme zwischen Tag 1 und jedem Zeitpunkt nach dem Trauma wurden mittels SPM2 (unkorrigierter p-Wert < 0,005) analysiert. Ergebnisse: In der Stammzell-Gruppe fanden wir 14 Tage nach dem Trauma in der rechts parietalen Region eine signifikant stärkere ¹⁸F-FDG-Aufnahme als an Tag 1 nach dem Trauma. In der Gruppe ohne Stammzellbehandlung trat an den Tagen 21 und 28 nach Trauma eine Zunahme des Glukosestoffwechsels im rechts parietalen Kortex auf. Die zerebrale ¹⁸F-FDG-Aufnahme verbesserte sich an den Tagen 21 und 28 nach dem Trauma in der Stammzell-Gruppe in einem größeren Areal als in der Gruppe ohne Stammzellbehandlung, einschließlich des rechts parietalen und des rechten primären somato-sensorischen Cortex. Schlussfolgerung: Die BMSC-Behandlung in Traumamodellen führte zu einem verbesserten Glukosestoffwechsel. Dieses Ergebnis könnte den therapeutischen Einsatz von Stammzellen bei Hirntrauma stützen.

Keywords

¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose - brain trauma - stem cell - rat - positron emission tomography

Schlüsselwörter

¹⁸F-Fluordeoxyglukose - Hirntrauma - Stammzellen - Ratte - Positronenemissionstomo graphie

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