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J Pediatr Intensive Care 2014; 03(03): 159-168
DOI: 10.3233/PIC-14096
Review Article
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart – New York

Acute kidney injury in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients

Julie C. Fitzgerald
a   Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
,
Duane Williams
b   Department of Pediatric Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Richmond at the Virginia Commonwealth University, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, VA, USA
,
Benjamin L. Laskin
c   Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Publication History

08 July 2014

13 October 2014

Publication Date:
28 July 2015 (online)

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Abstract

Acute kidney injury is common after pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant with a reported incidence of 21–55% in the first 3 mo after transplant. Acute kidney injury is associated with decreased survival and the development of chronic kidney disease in this patient population. In this review, current definitions of acute kidney injury are discussed. The epidemiology and risk factors for acute kidney injury in this patient population are described, and current hypotheses on the pathophysiology are reviewed. Current and emerging ideas about changes to management strategies to mitigate acute kidney injury are presented, and areas for further research are proposed.

Keywords

Pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant - acute kidney injury - chronic kidney disease