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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2020; 78(12): 662-671
DOI: 10.1590/0004-282X20200059
Article

Dementias in Brazil: increasing burden in the 2000–2016 period. Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Demências no Brasil: aumento da carga no período de 2000 a 2016. Estimativas do Estudo Carga Global de Doenças 2016
Simone Cecília de Melo 
1   Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil.
,
Ana Paula Silva Champs 
2   Hospital Sarah Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil.
,
Rúbia Ferreira Goulart 
1   Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil.
,
Deborah Carvalho Malta 
3   Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil.
,
Valéria Maria de Azeredo Passos 
1   Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil.
3   Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil.
› Author Affiliations
The Brazilian Ministry of Health and the Brazilian National Health Fund (Fundo Nacional de Saúde, grant 25000192049/2014-14) supported the GBD-Brasil study.
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ABSTRACT

Introduction: Dementia is a globally relevant health problem, which places a great burden on patients and their families. This study aimed to estimate the burden associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementias in Brazil. Methods: In this descriptive study, we investigated the estimates obtained by the Global Burden of Disease study. We described the prevalence of AD and other dementias, years lived with disability (YLDs), age-standardized mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) among individuals aged 60 years or older between 2000 and 2016, with their respective 95% uncertainty intervals (95%UI). Results: During this period, the age-standardized prevalence of AD and other dementias per 100,000 people increased by 7.8%, from 961.7 (95%UI 828.3–1,117.5) to 1,036.9 (95%UI 882.0–1,219.5), with approximately 1.5 million people living with dementia in Brazil. The incidence increased by 4.5%. Similarly, all age-standardized rates had an upward trend (mortality: 3.1%; YLLs: 5.8%; YLDs: 7.9%; and DALYs: 6.3%). Mortality profiles increased with age in both years. Dementias were ranked fourth among the leading causes of death in people aged ≥70 years in 2000, rising to second place in 2016. In 2016, it also represented the second and third leading causes of disability among older women and men, respectively. Conclusion: Population growth and aging have resulted in an increased burden of AD and other dementias in Brazil. Preventive and early diagnostic measures are essential to mitigate the burden associated with these diseases.

RESUMO

Introdução: A demência é um problema de saúde globalmente relevante, com grande carga para os pacientes e suas famílias. Este estudo teve como objetivo estimar a carga associada à doença de Alzheimer (DA) e outras demências no Brasil. Métodos: Neste estudo descritivo, foram avaliadas as estimativas obtidas pelo estudo de Carga Global de Doença (Global Burden Disease). Descrevemos a prevalência de DA e outras demências, anos vividos com incapacidade (AVIs), mortalidade padronizada por idade, anos de vida perdidos por morte prematura (AVPs) e anos de vida perdidos ajustados por incapacidade (AVAIs), com respectivos intervalos de incerteza de 95% (95%II), em idosos com 60+ anos, entre 2000 e 2016. Resultados: No período, a prevalência padronizada por idade de DA e de outros tipos de demência aumentou 7,8%, de 961,7 (95%II 828,3–1.117,5) para 1.036,9 (95%II 882,0–1.219,5) por 100.000 pessoas, com aproximadamente 1,5 milhão de pessoas vivendo com demência no Brasil. Houve um aumento de 4,5% na incidência. Todas as taxas padronizadas por idade apresentaram tendência de aumento (mortalidade: 3,1%; AVPs: 5,8%; AVIs: 7,9%; e AVAIs: 6,3%). Os perfis de mortalidade demonstraram aumento com o envelhecimento, em ambos os anos. As demências ocuparam o quarto lugar entre as principais causas de morte em pessoas com 70+ anos em 2000, subindo para a segunda posição em 2016. Em 2016, também representou a segunda e terceira principais causas de incapacidade entre mulheres e homens mais velhos, respectivamente. Conclusões: O crescimento e envelhecimento populacional resultaram em aumento da carga de DA e de outras demências no Brasil. Medidas preventivas e de diagnóstico precoce são essenciais para atenuar a carga associada a essas doenças.

Keywords:

Dementia - Alzheimer's Disease - Burden of Disease - Epidemiology

Palavras-chave:

Demência - Doença de Alzheimer - Carga da Doença - Epidemiologia

Authors’ contribution:

SCM: contributed to the investigation, formal analysis and writing of the original draft. APSC: contributed to the investigation, formal analysis and review of the original draft. RFG: contributed to formal analysis and review of the original draft. DCM: contributed to the funding acquisition, conceptualization, and review of the original draft. VMAP: contributed to the conceptualization, investigation, methodology, formal analysis, supervision, and writing of the original draft.


Support:

The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation supported the GBD-2016 study. The Brazilian Ministry of Health and the Brazilian National Health Fund (Fundo Nacional de Saúde, grant 25000192049/2014-14) supported the GBD-Brasil study.




Publication History

Received: 28 January 2020

Accepted: 31 May 2020

Article published online:
07 June 2023

© 2020. Academia Brasileira de Neurologia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commecial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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