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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2020; 78(02): 103-111
DOI: 10.1590/0004-282X20190155
Article

Demyelination in experimental intraventricular neurocysticercosis

Desmielinização na neurocisticercose intraventricular experimental
Vania Beatriz Lopes MOURA 
1   Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia GO, Brazil.
,
Analia Cirqueira MILHOMEM 
2   Universidade Federal de Goiás, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical e Saúde Pública, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia GO, Brazil.
,
Sarah Buzaim LIMA 
2   Universidade Federal de Goiás, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical e Saúde Pública, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia GO, Brazil.
,
Hidelberto MATOS-SILVA 
3   Universidade de Rio Verde, Faculdade de Medicina, Aparecida de Goiânia GO, Brazil.
,
Denis Masashi SUGITA 
4   Universidade Federal de Goiás, Faculdade de Medicina, Goiânia GO, Brazil.
,
Mariana Clare VINAUD 
1   Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia GO, Brazil.
,
Ruy de Souza LINO-JÚNIOR 
1   Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia GO, Brazil.
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Abstract

Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is classified as a neglected tropical disease, which affects mainly Latin America and Africa in spite of some reports in North America and Europe. NCC represents the cause of up to 30% of the reported cases of epilepsy in endemic countries. The NCC injuries present direct relation to the development stage, location, and number of parasites as well as to the host immune response. This study aimed the characterization of the inflammatory response and tissue injuries by means of the analyses of the periventricular and parenchymatous demyelination through the experimental intraventricular NCC infection. Therefore, BALB/c mice were submitted to experimental NCC inoculation with Taenia crassiceps cysticerci. Their brains were removed at 7, 30, 60, and 90 days after the inoculation (DAI), and analyzed after staining with hematoxylin and eosin (HE), Luxol Fast Blue, and Nissl. It was possible to observe ventriculomegaly, inflammatory infiltration composed by polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cells, and foamy macrophages. The presence of inflammatory cells was associated with neurodegeneration detected by the areas with demyelination observed initially in the periventricular area and lately in the parenchyma. In conclusion, the presence of cysticerci and the consequent inflammation were able to promote initial periventricular demyelination followed by parenchymatous demyelination as the infection progressed.

Resumo

A neurocisticercose (NCC) é classificada como uma doença tropical negligenciada que afeta principalmente a América Latina e a África, apesar de alguns relatos na América do Norte e na Europa. A NCC é responsável por cerca de 30% dos casos de epilepsia em países endêmicos. Estas lesões parecem ter estreita relação com o estádio de desenvolvimento, com a localização e o número de parasitas, bem como a resposta imune do hospedeiro. O presente estudo objetivou caracterizar a resposta de células inflamatórias e as lesões teciduais pela análise da desmielinização periventricular e parenquimatosa ao longo da infecção experimental de NCC intraventricular. Para tanto, camundongos BALB/c foram submetidos a NCC experimental através da inoculação de cisticercos de Taenia crassiceps. O encéfalo foi retirado aos 7, 30, 60 e 90 dias após inoculação (DAI) e analisado após coloração por Hematoxilina e Eosina (HE), Luxol Fast Blue e Nissl. Observou-se ventriculomegalia, processo de infiltração inflamatório composto por células polimorfonucleares, mononucleares e macrófagos espumosos. A presença de células inflamatórias foi associada com neurodegeneração, observada pelas áreas de desmielinização que foram inicialmente periventricular e mais tardiamente no parênquima. Em conclusão, observa-se que a presença dos cisticercos e a inflamação foram capazes de promover desmielinização periventricular inicial e parenquimatosa conforme houve progressão tardia da infecção.

Keywords:

neurocysticercosis - periventricular demyelination - parenchymal demyelination - Taenia crassiceps

Palavras-chave:

neurocisticercose - desmielinização periventricular - desmielinização parenquimal - Taenia crassiceps


Publication History

Received: 27 August 2019

Accepted: 19 September 2019

Article published online:
13 June 2023

© 2019. Academia Brasileira de Neurologia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commecial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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