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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2021; 79(01): 38-43
DOI: 10.1590/0004-282X-anp-2020-0122
ARTICLE

Is restless legs syndrome in Parkinson disease patients associated with any specific factor?

A síndrome das pernas inquietas nos pacientes com doença de Parkinson está associada a algum fator específico?
Manoel Alves SOBREIRA-NETO 
1   Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Fortaleza CE, Brazil.
2   Universidade Unichristus, Fortaleza CE, Brazil.
,
Márcio Alexandre PENA-PEREIRA 
3   Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Neurociências, Ribeirão Preto SP, Brazil.
,
Emmanuelle Silva Tavares SOBREIRA 
1   Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Fortaleza CE, Brazil.
3   Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Neurociências, Ribeirão Preto SP, Brazil.
,
Marcos Hortes Nisihara CHAGAS 
4   Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Gerontologia, São Carlos SP, Brazil.
,
Carlos Maurício Oliveira de ALMEIDA 
3   Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Neurociências, Ribeirão Preto SP, Brazil.
,
Regina Maria França FERNANDES 
3   Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Neurociências, Ribeirão Preto SP, Brazil.
,
Vitor TUMAS 
3   Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Neurociências, Ribeirão Preto SP, Brazil.
,
Alan Luiz ECKELI 
3   Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Neurociências, Ribeirão Preto SP, Brazil.
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ABSTRACT

Background: Restless legs syndrome or Willis-Ekbom disease is a disorder characterized by unpleasant sensations associated with the need to mobilize the lower limbs. In Parkinson disease patients, restless legs syndrome is associated with worse quality of life and excessive sleepiness. Regarding other factors, results of different studies are controversial. Objective: To determine the factors associated with the restless legs syndrome presence in Parkinson disease patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 88 consecutive Parkinson disease patients from the outpatient clinic for 21 months. Participants underwent a clinical interview, assessment based on standardized scales (Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Parkinson Disease Questionnaire - 39, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group rating scale), and video-polysomnography. Results: Out of the 88 participants, 25 had restless legs syndrome. In the multivariate analysis, restless legs syndrome in Parkinson disease has been associated with the symptom of smell loss and quality of sleep and life. In the univariate analysis, restless legs syndrome in Parkinson disease has occurred more frequently in women with higher frequency of insomnia, constipation, and anosmia than in the group without restless legs syndrome. Conclusion: Restless legs syndrome is a prevalent condition in patients with Parkinson disease and is associated with specific characteristics in this group of patients.

RESUMO

Introdução: A síndrome das pernas inquietas, ou doença de Willis-Ekbom, é um transtorno caracterizado por sensações de desconforto associadas à necessidade de movimentar os membros inferiores. Nos pacientes com doença de Parkinson, a síndrome das pernas inquietas está associada a uma qualidade de vida inferior e sonolência excessiva. Em relação a outros fatores, resultados de diferentes estudos mostraram resultados controversos. Objetivo: Determinar os fatores associados à presença da síndrome das pernas inquietas nos pacientes com doença de Parkinson. Métodos: Um estudo transversal foi conduzido com 88 pacientes com doença de Parkinson, consecutivos, acompanhados em ambulatório especializado, durante 21 meses. Participantes passaram por uma entrevista clínica, avaliação por meio de escalas padronizadas (Escala de Sonolência de Epworth, Questionário de Qualidade de Vida da Doença de Parkinson, Índice de Qualidade de Sono de Pittsburgh, Escala de Gravidade Internacional da Síndrome das Pernas Inquietas) e videopolissonografia. Resultados: Do total de 88 participantes, 25 tinham síndrome das pernas inquietas. Na análise multivariada, a síndrome das pernas inquietas na doença de Parkinson esteve associada à perda de olfato, assim como à qualidade de vida e ao sono. Na análise univariada, a síndrome das pernas inquietas na doença de Parkinson ocorreu mais frequentemente em mulheres, com maior frequência de insônia, constipação e anosmia, do que no grupo sem síndrome das pernas inquietas. Conclusão: A síndrome das pernas inquietas é uma condição prevalente na doença de Parkinson e está associada a características específicas neste grupo de pacientes.

Keywords:

Parkinson Disease - Sleep - Restless Legs Syndrome

Palavras-chave:

Doença de Parkinson - Sono - Síndrome das Pernas Inquietas

Authors’ contributions:

M.A. Sobreira-Neto - Conception, Organization, Execution; Statistical Analysis: Design, Execution, Review and Critique; Manuscript Preparation: Writing of the first draft, Review and Critique; M.A. Pena-Pereira - Research Project: Conception, Organization, Execution; Manuscript Preparation: Review and Critique; E.S.T. Sobreira - Research Project: Organization, Execution; Manuscript Preparation: Review and Critique; M.N.H. Chagas - Research Project: Conception, Organization, Execution; Manuscript Preparation: Review and Critique; C.M.O Almeida - Research Project: Conception, Organization; Manuscript Preparation: Review and Critique; R.M.F. Fernandes - Research Project: Conception, Organization; Manuscript Preparation: Review and Critique; V. Tumas - Research Project: Conception, Organization; Statistical Analysis: Review and Critique; Manuscript Preparation: Review and Critique; A.L. Eckeli - Research Project: Conception, Organization, Execution; Statistical Analysis: Design, Execution, Review and Critique; Manuscript Preparation: Writing of the first draft, Review and Critique.




Publication History

Received: 28 March 2020

Accepted: 23 June 2020

Article published online:
01 June 2023

© 2021. Academia Brasileira de Neurologia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commecial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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