Normal pressure hydrocephalus: an update

Carlos Eduardo Borges Passos-Neto; Cesar Castello Branco Lopes; Mauricio Silva Teixeira; Adalberto Studart Neto; Raphael Ribeiro Spera

doi:10.1590/0004-282X-ANP-2022-S118

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria, Inhaltsverzeichnis

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2022; 80(S 05): 42-52
DOI: 10.1590/0004-282X-ANP-2022-S118

NEUROLOGY OF COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS

Normal pressure hydrocephalus: an update

Hidrocefalia de pressão normal: uma atualização

Carlos Eduardo Borges Passos-Neto

¹Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Departamento de Neurologia, Grupo de Neurologia Cognitiva e do Comportamento, São Paulo - SP, Brazil.

,

Cesar Castello Branco Lopes

¹Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Departamento de Neurologia, Grupo de Neurologia Cognitiva e do Comportamento, São Paulo - SP, Brazil.

,

Mauricio Silva Teixeira

¹Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Departamento de Neurologia, Grupo de Neurologia Cognitiva e do Comportamento, São Paulo - SP, Brazil.

,

Adalberto Studart Neto

¹Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Departamento de Neurologia, Grupo de Neurologia Cognitiva e do Comportamento, São Paulo - SP, Brazil.

,

Raphael Ribeiro Spera

¹Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Departamento de Neurologia, Grupo de Neurologia Cognitiva e do Comportamento, São Paulo - SP, Brazil.

› Institutsangaben

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) has been a topic of debate since its introduction in publications. More frequent in the elderly population, it is characterized by gait disturbance, urinary urge incontinence and cognitive decline. Therefore, it is a clinical-radiological entity with relatively common findings for the age group, which together may have greater specificity. Therefore, its diagnosis must be careful for an adequate selection of patients for treatment with ventricular shunt, since the symptoms are potentially reversible. The tap test has a high positive predictive value as a predictor of therapeutic response, but a negative test does not exclude the possibility of treatment. Scientific efforts in recent years have been directed towards a better understanding of NPH and this narrative review aims to compile recent data from the literature in a didactic way for clinical practice.

RESUMO

A hidrocefalia de pressão normal (HPN) é tema de debate desde sua introdução na literatura. Mais frequente na população idosa, caracteriza-se por distúrbio de marcha, urge-incontinência urinária e declínio cognitivo. Portanto, trata-se de uma entidade clínico-radiológica com achados relativamente comuns para a faixa etária, que em conjunto, podem ter maior especificidade. Sendo assim, seu diagnóstico deve ser criterioso para uma adequada seleção de pacientes para tratamento com a derivação ventricular, uma vez que os sintomas são potencialmente reversíveis. O tap test possui valor preditivo positivo alto preditor de resposta terapêutica, mas um teste negativo não exclui a possibilidade de tratamento. Esforços científicos nos últimos anos têm sido direcionados para melhor entendimento da HPN e essa revisão narrativa se propõe a compilar dados recentes da literatura de forma didática para a prática clínica.

Keywords:

Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure - Dementia - Spinal Puncture

Palavras-chave:

Hidrocefalia de Pressão Normal - Demência - Punção Espinal

Volltext

Referenzen

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