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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2021; 79(10): 886-890
DOI: 10.1590/0004-282X-ANP-2020-0542
Articles

Botulinum toxin type A wear-off phenomenon in chronic migraine patients: how long does the maximum efficiency last?

O fenômeno do encurtamento do efeito da toxina botulínica tipo A em pacientes com migrânea crônica: quanto tempo dura a eficiência máxima?
Aygul Tantik PAK 
1   Gaziosmanpasa Training and Research Hospital, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey.
,
İsmet ÜSTÜN 
2   Bezmialem Foundation University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey.
,
Yildizhan SENGUL 
1   Gaziosmanpasa Training and Research Hospital, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey.
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ABSTRACT

Background: Botulinum toxin Type A (BoNTA) is a successful treatment for chronic migraine prophylaxis. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the monthly change of effectiveness of BoNTA treatment. Methods: A total of 80 patients (70 females and 10 males) with chronic migraine were included. In our study protocol, we applied to 155 U across 31 fixed-sites and if the patient had pain, 40 U dose injections were applied across 8 specific head/neck muscle areas. Headache days and analgesic intake were noted before the BoNTA injection and during the interviews at the first, second, and third months after the BoNTA injection. Results: The mean age was 37.59 ± 7.60 and 87.5% of the patients were female. The mean number of headache days/month before BoNTA was 18.95±2.69, decreasing to 10.55±3.15 days/month in the first month (p<0.001), 9.31±2.43 days/month in the second month (p<0.001), and increased to 11.97±3.27 days/month in the third month (p<0.001). The mean analgesic intake before BoNTA was 11.48±4.68 tablets/month, while it decreased to 6.53±2.72 tablets/month in the first month (p<0.001) and 5.40±2.46 tablets/month in the second month (p<0.001). In the third month, it was 5.85±2.59 tablets/month (p<0.001). There was a significant increase in pain medication use from the second to the third month (p<0.001). Conclusion: In our study, there was a significant reduction in analgesic intake and headache days in the first and second months after BoNTA injection, and an increase was observed in the third month.

RESUMO

Antecedentes: A toxina botulínica Tipo A (BoNTA) é um tratamento de sucesso para a profilaxia da migrânea crônica. Objetivo: Nosso objetivo foi avaliar a mudança mensal da eficácia do tratamento com BoNTA. Métodos: Um total de 80 pacientes (70 mulheres e 10 homens) com migrânea crônica foi incluído. Em nosso protocolo de estudo, aplicamos 155 U em 31 locais fixos e, se o paciente sentisse dor, injeções de dose de 40 U foram aplicadas em 8 áreas musculares específicas da cabeça/pescoço. Dias de cefaleia e ingestão de analgésicos foram anotados antes da injeção de BoNTA e durante as entrevistas no primeiro, segundo e terceiro meses após a injeção de BoNTA. Resultados: A média de idade foi 37,59±7,60 e 87,5% dos pacientes eram do sexo feminino. O número médio de cefaleias dias/mês antes da BoNTA foi de 18,95±2,69 dias/mês, diminuindo para 10,55±3,15 dias/mês no primeiro mês (p<0,001), 9,31±2,43 dias/mês no segundo mês (p<0,001), e aumentou para 11,97±3,27 dias/mês no terceiro mês (p<0,001). A ingestão média de analgésicos antes da BoNTA foi de 11,48±4,68 comprimidos/mês, enquanto diminuiu para 6,53±2,72 comprimidos/mês no primeiro mês (p<0,001) e 5,40±2,46 comprimidos/mês no segundo mês (p<0,001). No terceiro mês, era de 5,85±2,59 comprimidos/mês (p<0,001). Quando comparados o segundo e o terceiro mês, observou-se aumento significativo do uso de analgésicos do segundo para o terceiro mês (p<0,001). Conclusão: Em nosso estudo, houve redução significativa da ingestão de analgésicos e dos dias de cefaleia no primeiro e segundo meses após a injeção de BoNTA, e aumento no terceiro mês.

Keywords:

Headache - Migraine Disorders - Botulinum Toxin, Type A

Palavras-chave:

Cefaleia - Transtornos de Enxaqueca - Toxinas Botulínicas Tipo A

Authors’ contributions:

IU, YS: acquisition of data; ATP, YS, IU: conception or design of the study and acquisition/interpretation of data; ATP, YS, IU: conception or design of the study. All authors made a substantial contribution to manuscript development, gave final approval of the manuscript for submission, and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work.




Publication History

Received: 23 November 2020

Accepted: 19 February 2021

Article published online:
07 June 2023

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