Serum levels of irisin and nesfatin-1 in multiple sclerosis

ABSTRACT

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and neurodegenerative autoimmune chronic neurological disease. Currently, there are no effective serum biomarkers to verify MS diagnosis, to assess disease prognosis, and evaluate response to MS treatment. Objective: The present study is a preliminary assessment of irisin and nesfatin-1 serum levels in patients with relapsing- remitting MS (RRMS). Methods: A total of 86 participants, 42 patients with RRMS diagnosis and 44 healthy controls were included in the study. The serum irisin and nesfatin-1 parameters of the patients and control group members were analyzed. Results: Irisin and nesfatin-1 levels of the RRMS patients were significantly lower than the controls (z: -3.82, p<0.001; z: -4.79, p<0.001, respectively) The cut-off level of irisin is 10.390 (ng/mL) (sensitivity: 84.1%, specificity: 71.4%, AUC: 0.800), and the cut-off level of nestatin-1 is 7.155 (ng/mL) (sensitivity: 68.2%, specificity: 64.3%, AUC: 0.739) in the ROC analysis. For these cut-off levels in the case-control groups, the lower irisin and nesfatin-1 levels are the independent variables for MS patients (OR 9.723, 95%CI 2.884-32.785, p<0.001; OR 3.992, 95%CI 1.336-11.928, p<0.001) respectively.

Conclusion: The present study revealed lower irisin and nesfatin-1 levels in patients with RRMS. These findings suggest that the decreased levels of irisin and nesfatin-1 peptides may contribute to MS pathogenesis such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in MS, leading to demyelination, axonal damage with neuronal loss, and gliosis.

RESUMO

Antecedentes: A esclerose múltipla (EM) é uma doença neurológica crônica autoimune inflamatória e neurodegenerativa. Atualmente, não há biomarcadores séricos eficazes para verificar o diagnóstico de EM, para avaliar o prognóstico da doença e avaliar a resposta ao tratamento de EM. Objetivo: O presente estudo é uma avaliação preliminar dos níveis séricos de irisina e nesfatina-1 em pacientes com EM recorrente-remitente (EMRR). Métodos: Um total de 86 participantes, 42 pacientes com diagnóstico de EMRR e 44 controles saudáveis, foram incluídos no estudo. Os parâmetros séricos de irisina e nesfatina-1 dos pacientes e membros do grupo controle foram analisados. Resultados: Os níveis de irisina e nesfatina-1 dos pacientes com EMRR foram significativamente mais baixos do que os dos controles (z: -3,82, p <0,001; z: -4,79, p <0,001, respectivamente). O nível de corte de irisina é 10,390 (ng/mL) (sensibilidade: 84,1%, especificidade: 71,4%, AUC: 0,800), e o nível de corte de nestatina-1 é 7,155 (ng/mL) (sensibilidade: 68,2%, especificidade: 64,3%, AUC: 0,739) na análise ROC. Para esses níveis de corte nos grupos de caso-controle, os níveis mais baixos de irisina e nesfatina-1 são as variáveis independentes para pacientes com EM (OR 9,723, IC95% 2,884-32,785, p <0,001; OR 3,992, IC95% 1,336-11,928, p <0,001) respectivamente. Conclusão: O presente estudo revelou níveis mais baixos de irisina e nesfatina-1 em pacientes com EMRR. Esses achados sugerem que os níveis diminuídos de peptídeos irisina e nesfatina-1 podem contribuir para a patogênese da EM, como inflamação, estresse oxidativo e apoptose na EM, levando à desmielinização, dano axonal com perda neuronal e gliose.

Keywords:

Multiple Sclerosis - Irisin - Nesfatin-1 - Inflammation - Apoptosis - Oxidative Stress

Palavras-chave:

Esclerose Múltipla - Irisina - Nesfatina-1 - Inflamação - Apoptose - Estresse Oxidativo

Authors’ contributions:

MA, AUC, TA: participated in the study design, conceptualization and method; MA, AUC, FÖO, OST: collected data and discussed results; MA, TA: participated in the investigation and supervision of data collections; OST, TA: performed statistical analyses. All authors agreed to the submitted format of the article and approved the manuscript.

Publikationsverlauf

Eingereicht: 04. November 2020

Angenommen: 01. Februar 2021

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
30. Januar 2023

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