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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2021; 79(03): 238-247
DOI: 10.1590/0004-282X-ANP-2020-0153
VIEW AND REVIEW

Evaluating subjective cognitive decline: a systematic review of tools available for evaluating cognitive complaints in Portuguese

Avaliação de declínio cognitivo subjetivo: uma revisão sistemática de instrumentos disponíveis para avaliar queixa cognitiva em português
Wyllians Vendramini BORELLI 
1   Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Escola de Medicina, Porto Alegre RS, Brazil.
2   Instituto do Cérebro do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre RS, Brazil.
3   Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gerontologia Biomédica, Porto Alegre RS, Brazil.
,
Vanessa Nicola LABREA 
1   Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Escola de Medicina, Porto Alegre RS, Brazil.
,
Eduardo LEAL-CONCEICAO 
2   Instituto do Cérebro do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre RS, Brazil.
,
Mirna Wetters PORTUGUEZ 
1   Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Escola de Medicina, Porto Alegre RS, Brazil.
2   Instituto do Cérebro do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre RS, Brazil.
3   Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gerontologia Biomédica, Porto Alegre RS, Brazil.
,
Jaderson Costa da COSTA 
1   Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Escola de Medicina, Porto Alegre RS, Brazil.
2   Instituto do Cérebro do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre RS, Brazil.
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ABSTRACT

Background: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a perception that is not objectively measured in screening tests. Although many tools are available for evaluating SCD, no single gold standard is available for classifying individuals as presenting SCD, in the Portuguese-speaking population. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature for tools used to evaluate SCD in the Portuguese-speaking population. Methods: Four databases (Web of Science, SciELO, LILACS and MEDLINE) were primarily utilized in this study (Phase 1). Subsequently, we conducted a manual search of the literature (Phase 2). We then retrieved tools for critical evaluation (Phase 3). Studies that matched the inclusion criteria were analyzed. We summarized the features of each tool in terms of the number of questions, scoring system, benefits and deficiencies, translation and validity. Results: A total of 30 studies utilizing four questionnaires and seven different single questions were found. The tools retrieved were the Memory Assessment Questionnaire (MAC-Q; 12/30 studies), single-question methods (7/30 studies), Subjective Memory Complaint Scale (SMC scale; 5/30 studies), Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ; 3/30 studies) and Memory Complaint Scale (MCS; 3/30 studies). Only two were formally translated and validated for the Portuguese speaking population (PRMQ and MCS). Conclusions: In summary, SCD is still underinvestigated in Portuguese-speaking countries. The MAC-Q was the most commonly used tool in Portuguese, despite its lack of formal translation and validation for the Portuguese-speaking population. Further studies are required in order to develop and validate a screening tool that includes questions for detecting SCD-plus features and affective symptoms, so as to improve its predictive value.

RESUMO

Introdução: Declínio cognitivo subjetivo (DCS) é uma percepção não objetivamente mensurada em testes de rastreio. Apesar de muitos instrumentos estarem disponíveis para avaliação de DCS, nenhum padrão-ouro único é capaz de classificar um indivíduo com DCS em população falante de português. Este estudo objetivou revisar sistematicamente a literatura para instrumentos usados, para avaliar DCS em falantes de português. Métodos: Quatro bases de dados (Web of Science, SciELO, LILACS e MEDLINE) foram inicialmente usadas neste estudo (Fase 1). Em seguida, conduzimos uma busca manual (Fase 2) e os instrumentos coletados foram criticamente avaliados (Fase 3). Estudos que correspondiam aos critérios de inclusão foram analisados. Nós resumimos as características de cada instrumento em termos de números de questões, sistema de pontuação, vantagens e desvantagens, tradução e validação. Resultados: O total de 30 estudos utilizou 4, questionários e 7 diferentes questões para avaliar DCS. Os instrumentos avaliados foram Memory Assessment Questionnaire (MAC-Q, 12/30 estudos), método de questão única (7/30 estudos), Subjective Memory Complaint Scale (SMC-scale, 5/30 estudos), Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ, 3/30 estudos) e Memory Complaint Scale (MCS, 3/30 estudos). Apenas dois instrumentos foram formalmente traduzidos e validados para falantes de português (PRMQ e MCS). Conclusões: Em suma, DCS é ainda sub-representado em países lusofônicos. O MAC-Q foi o instrumento mais utilizado em português, apesar de sua falta de tradução e validação formal para a população falante de português. Mais estudos são necessários para desenvolver e validar um instrumento de rastreio que inclua questões sobre DCS-plus e sintomas afetivos, para aumentar seu poder preditivo.

Keywords:

Dementia - Cognitive Dysfunction - Cognitive Aging - Mental Status and Dementia Tests

Palavras-chave:

Demência - Disfunção Cognitiva - Envelhecimento Cognitivo - Testes de Estado Mental e Demência

Authors’ contributions:

All authors contributed to writing and revising the final version of the manuscript. WVB designed, wrote and analyzed the results. VNL performed the search and wrote and revised the final version. ELC performed the search and wrote and analyzed the results. MWP and JCC supervised and revised the manuscript.




Publikationsverlauf

Eingereicht: 21. April 2020

Angenommen: 20. Juli 2020

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
07. Juni 2023

© 2021. Academia Brasileira de Neurologia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commecial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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