Das neu entdeckte „atypische porzine Pestivirus“ (APPV): ein alter Akteur im „Zitterferkelkrankheit“-Komplex?

Zusammenfassung

Kongenitaler Tremor oder „Ferkelzittern“ bei neugeborenen Ferkeln ist ein altbekanntes Krankheitsbild unterschiedlicher Ätiologie und unterschiedlicher pathologischer Ausprägung. Neben nichtinfektiösen Ursachen (Intoxikationen, genetische Ursachen) spielen insbesondere virale Infektionen der Sau während der Gravidität ätiologisch eine bedeutende Rolle. Infektionen mit dem Virus der Klassischen Schweinpest, einem Pestivirus aus der Familie Flaviviridae, sind schon lange als mögliche Ursache von kongenitalem Tremor bekannt. Kürzlich wurde ein weiteres porzines Pestivirus identifiziert, das ebenfalls Ferkelzittern auslösen kann. Dieses „atypische porzine Pestivirus“ (APPV) ist wahrscheinlich weltweit und mit hohen Prävalenzen in den Schweinepopulationen verbreitet. Der Artikel liefert eine Übersicht über die unterschiedlichen Formen des kongenitalen Tremors beim Ferkel und eine Zusammenfassung aktueller Studien zu dem neu entdeckten APPV.

Summary

Congenital tremor (CT) or “shaking piglet” syndrome of newborn piglets is a well-known disease caused by different factors and resulting in different pathological alterations. In addition to non-infectious causes (like intoxication and genetic alterations), viral infections of the sow during gestation are of utmost importance. It has long time been known that classical swine fever virus, a virus belonging to the genus Pestivirus within the family Flaviviridae, induces CT. Very recently, a novel porcine pestivirus was discovered, which is also capable to induce the disease and was designated as “atypical porcine pestivirus” (APPV). APPV infection is apparently highly prevalent in pig populations worldwide. This article reviews the different forms of CT and summarizes recent studies of the newly discovered virus.

Schlüsselwörter

Kongenitaler Tremor - Ferkel - Ursache - atypisches porzines Pestivirus

Keywords

Congenital tremor - piglet - cause - atypical porcine pestivirus

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