Eosinophilic synovitis of the tarsocrural joint in a horse

Summary

Eosinophilic synovitis (ES) is a rare disease described in human and veterinary medicine. Only three cases have been reported in the horse. A case of tarsocrural synovitis in an Hispano-Arabian gelding is presented in this report. The patient presented with severe joint effusion and lameness of the right tarsocrural joint on admission. Synovial fluid analysis revealed an increased WBC of 12800 leukocytes/microliter with 76% of eosinophils. Lavage of the diseased joint and medical treatment with antibiotics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs produced remission of the clinical problem.

Keywords

Equine - eosinophilic synovitis

• References

• 1 Kay J, Eichenfield AH, Athreya BH. et al. Synovial fluid eosinophilia in Lyme disease. Arthritis Rheum 1988; 31: 1384-1389.
• 2 Tauro B. Eosinophilic synovitis. A new entity? J Bone Joint Surg Br 1995; 77: 654-656.
• 3 Doury P, Saliou P, Charmot G. [Articular effusions with eosinophils. Apropos of a case report]. SemHop 1983; 59: 1683-1685.
• 4 Amor B, Benhamou CL, Dougados M. et al. [Eosinophilic arthritis and general review of the significance of articular eosinophilia]. Rev Rheum Mal Osteoartic 1983; 50: 659-664.
• 5 Lipsky PE. Rheumatoid arthritis. In: Braunwalnd E, Fausi AS, IsselbacherKJ etal. eds. Harrissons principles of internal medicine. USA:. Philadelphia: MacGraw-Hill; 2001: 928-936.
• 6 Brown JP, Rola-Pleszczynski M, Menard HA. Eosinophilic synovitis- clinical observations on a newly recognized subset of patients with dermato- graphism. ArthritisRheum 1986; 29: 1147-1151.
• 7 Padeh S, Laxer RM, Gleich GJ. et al. High synovial immunoglobulin E levels in eosinophilic synovitis. J Pediatr 1992; 121: 417-419.
• 8 Aelion JA, Wysenbeek AJ, Avidor I. et al. Eosinophilic fasciitis (Shulman syndrome) with prominent synovitis. Isr J Med Sci 1982; 18793-797.
• 9 Hasselbacher Hasselbacher, Schumacher HR. Synovial fluid eosinophilia following arthrography. J Rheumatol 1978; 5: 173-176.
• 10 Atanes A, Fernandez V, Nunez R. et al. Idiopathic eosinophilic synovitis. Case report and review of the literature. Scand J Rheumatol 1996; 25183-185.
• 11 Silverstein DC, Almy FS, Zinkl JG. et al. Idiopathic localized eosinophilic synovitis in a cat. Vet Clin Pathol 2000; 29: 90-92.
• 12 Christopher Christopher, Wallace LJ. Synovial fluid eosinophilia- a case report in a dog and review of the literature. Vet Clin Pathol 1986; 15: 25-31.
• 13 Madison Madison, Ziemer EL. Eosinophilic synovitis following the intra-articular injection of bacterial antigen in horses. Res Vet Sci 1993; 54: 256-258.
• 14 Turner AS, Gustafson SB, Zeidner NS. et al. Acute eosinophilic synovitis in a horse. Equine Vet J 1990; 22: 215-217.
• 15 Burgess EC, Gillette D, Picket JP. Arthritis andpa- nuveitis as manifestations of Borrelia burgdorferi infection in a Wisconsin pony. J Vet Med Assoc 1986; 191: 1457-1458.
• 16 Morris DD. Alterations in the leukogram. In: Smith BP. ed. Large animal internal medicine. St Louis: Mosby Year Book Inc; 1996: 480-488.
• 17 Mahaffey EA. Synovial fluid. In: Cowell RL, Tyler RD. eds. Cytology and haematology of the horse. St Louis: Mosby year book inc; 1992: 153-161.
• 18 Trotter Trotter, McIIwraith CW. Clinical features and diagnosis of equine joint disease. In McIIwraith C.W, and Trotter G.W. eds Joint disease in the horse. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company; 1996: 120-145.
• 19 Bertone AL. Infectious arthritis. In McIIwraith C.W, and Trotter G.W. eds Joint disease in the horse. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company; 1996: 397-409.
• 20 McIlwraith McIlwraith, Bramlage LR. Surgical treatment ofjoint injury. In McIlwraith CW, Trotter GW. eds Joint disease in the horse. Philadelphia: WB. Saunders Company; 1996: 292-317.
• 21 Todhunter Todhunter, Lust G. Pathophysiology of synovitis clinical signs and examination in horses. Comp Contin Educ PractVet 1990; 12: 980-991.
• 22 Palmer Palmer, Bertone AL. Joint structure, biochemistry and biochemical disequilibrium in synovitis and equine joint disease. Equine Vet J 1994; 26263-277.
• 23 Welch RD, Watkins JP, DeBowes RM. et al. Effects of intra-articular administration of dimethylsulf- oxide on chemically induced synovitis in immature horses. Am JVet Res 1991; 52: 934-939.