Pro-inflammatory cytokines reduce human TAFI expression via tristetraprolin-mediated mRNA destabilisation and decreased binding of HuR

Dragana Komnenov; Corey A. Scipione; Zainab A. Bazzi; Justin J.W. Garabon; Marlys L. Koschinsky; Michael B. Boffa

doi:10.1160/TH14-08-0653

Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Table of Contents

Thromb Haemost 2015; 114(02): 337-349
DOI: 10.1160/TH14-08-0653

Blood Cells, Inflammation and Infection

Schattauer GmbH

Pro-inflammatory cytokines reduce human TAFI expression via tristetraprolin-mediated mRNA destabilisation and decreased binding of HuR

Dragana Komnenov

¹Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada

,

Corey A. Scipione

¹Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada

,

Zainab A. Bazzi

¹Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada

,

Justin J.W. Garabon

¹Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada

,

Marlys L. Koschinsky

¹Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada

,

Michael B. Boffa

¹Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Summary

Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) is the zymogen form of a basic carboxypeptidase (TAFIa) with both anti-fibrinolytic and anti-inflammatory properties. The role of TAFI in inflammatory disease is multifaceted and involves modulation both of specific inflammatory mediators as well as of the behaviour of inflammatory cells. Moreover, as suggested by in vitro studies, inflammatory mediators are capable of regulating the expression of CPB2, the gene encoding TAFI. In this study we addressed the hypothesis that decreased TAFI levels observed in inflammation are due to post-transcriptional mechanisms. Treatment of human HepG2 cells with pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-6 in combination with IL-1β, or with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) decreased TAFI protein levels by approximately two-fold over 24 to 48 hours of treatment. Conversely, treatment of HepG2 cells with the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 increased TAFI protein levels by two-fold at both time points. We found that the mechanistic basis for this modulation of TAFI levels involves binding of tristetraprolin (TTP) to the CPB2 3′-UTR, which mediates CPB2 mRNA destabilisation. In this report we also identified that HuR, another ARE-binding protein but one that stabilises transcripts, is capable of binding the CBP2 3’UTR. We found that pro-inflammatory mediators reduce the occupancy of HuR on the CPB2 3’-UTR and that the mutation of the TTP binding site in this context abolishes this effect, although TTP and HuR appear to contact discrete binding sites. Interestingly, all of the mediators tested appear to increase TAFI protein expression in THP-1 macrophages, likewise through effects on CPB2 mRNA stability.

Keywords

Fibrinolysis inhibitors - inflammatory mediators - gene regulation - liver

Full Text

References

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