Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 has a circadian rhythm in blind individuals

John A. Schoenhard; James A. S. Muldowney III; Jonathan S. Emens; Alfred J. Lewy; Douglas E. Vaughan

doi:10.1160/TH06-12-0696

Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Table of Contents

Thromb Haemost 2007; 98(02): 479-481
DOI: 10.1160/TH06-12-0696

Letters to the Editor

Schattauer GmbH

Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 has a circadian rhythm in blind individuals

John A. Schoenhard

¹Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA

,

James A. S. Muldowney III

¹Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA

,

Jonathan S. Emens

²Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA

,

Alfred J. Lewy

²Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA

,

Douglas E. Vaughan

¹Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Full Text

References

References
1 Cohen MC, Rohtla KM, Lavery CE. et al. Meta-analysis of the morning excess of acute myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death. Am J Cardiol 1997; 79: 1512-1516.
2 Elliot WJ. Circadian variation in the timing of stroke onset: a meta-analysis. Stroke 1998; 29: 992-996.
3 Angleton P, Chandler WL, Schmer G. Diurnal variation of tissue-type plasminogen activator and its rapid inhibitor (PAI-1). Circulation 1989; 79: 101-106.
4 Kurnik PB. Circadian variation in the efficacy of tissue-type plasminogen activator. Circulation 1995; 91: 1341-1346.
5 Katz RJ, Hsia J, Walker P. et al. Effects of hormone replacement therapy on the circadian pattern of atherothrombotic risk factors. Am J Cardiol 1996; 78: 876-880.
6 Bridges AB, McLaren M, Scott NA. et al. Circadian variation of tissue plasminogen activator and its inhibitor, von Willebrand factor antigen, and prostacyclin stimulating factor in men with ischaemic heart disease. Br Heart J 1993; 69: 121-124.
7 Huber K, Rosc D, Resch I. et al. Circadian fluctuations of plasminogen activator inhibitor and tissue plasminogen activator levels in plasma of patients with unstablecoronary artery disease and acute myocardial infarction. Thromb Haemost 1988; 60: 372-376.
8 Masuda T, Ogawa H, Miyao Y. et al. Circadian variation in fibrinolytic activity in patients with variant angina. Br Heart J 1994; 71: 156-161.
9 Akiyama Y, Kazama M, Tahara C. et al. Reference values of hemostasis related factors of healthy Japaneses adults I: Circadian fluctuation. Thromb Res 1990; 60: 281-289.
10 Johansen LG, Gram J, Kluft C. et al. Chronobiology of coronary risk markers in Greenland Eskimos: a comparative study with Caucasians residing in the same Arctic area. Chronobiol Int 1991; 8: 352-360.
11 Maemura K, dela Monte SM, Chin MT. et al. CLIF, a novel cycle-like factor, regulates the circadian oscillation of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene expression. J Biol Chem 2000; 275: 36847-36851.
12 Schoenhard JA, Smith LH, Painter CA. et al. Regulation of the PAI-1 promoter by circadian clock components: differential activation by BMAL1 and BMAL2. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2003; 35: 473-481.
13 Minami Y, Horikawa K, Akiyama M. et al. Restricted feeding induces daily expression of clock genes and PAI-1 mRNA in theheart of Clock mutant mice. FEBS Letters 2002; 526: 115-118.
14 Ohkura N, Oishi K, Fukushima N. et al. Circadian clock molecules CLOCK and CRYs modulate fibrinolytic activity by regulating the PAI-1 gene expression. J Thromb Haemost 2006; 4: 2478-2485.
15 Kudo T, Nakayama E, Suzuki S. et al. Cholesterol diet enhances daily rhythm of PAI-1 mRNA in the mouse liver. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2004; 287: E644-651.
16 Kudo T, Akiyama M, Kuriyama K. et al. Night-time restricted feeding normalises clock genes and PAI-1 gene expression in the db/db mouseliver. Diabetologia 2004; 47: 1425-1436.
17 Naito Y, Tsujino T, Kawasaki D. et al. Circadian gene expression of clock genes and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in heart and aorta of spontaneously hypertensive and Wistar-Kyoto rats. J Hypertens 2003; 21: 1107-1115.
18 Tsujino T, Naito Y, Kawasaki D. et al. Circadian expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in angiotensin II type 1a receptor knockout mice. Clin Exp Hypertens 2005; 27: 159-168.
19 Oishi K, Ohkura N, Kasamatsu M. et al. Tissue-specific augmentation of circadian PAI-1 expression in mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Thromb Res 2004; 114: 129-135.
20 Oishi K, Ohkura N, Wakabayashi M. et al. CLOCK is involved in obesity-induced disordered fibrinolysis in ob/ob mice by regulating PAI-1 gene expression. J Thromb Haemost 2006; 4: 1774-1780.
21 Brown NJ, Agirbasli MA, Williams GH. et al. Effect of activation and inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system on plasma PAI-1. Hypertension 1998; 32: 965-971.
22 Irokawa M, Nishinaga M, Funayama H. et al. Effect of a change in the sleep/wake cycle on the diurnal variation of fibrinolytic parameters. J Thromb Thrombolysis 1998; 5: 165-168.
23 Sack RL, Brandes RW, Kendall AR. et al. Entrainment of free-running circadian rhythmsby melatonin in blind people. N Engl J Med 2000; 343: 1070-1077.
24 Lewy AJ, Emens JS, Bernert RA. et al. Eventual entrainment of the human circadian pacemaker by melatonin is independent of the circadian phase of treatment initiation: clinical implications. J Biol Rhythms 2004; 19: 68-75.
25 Lewy AJ, Emens JS, Sack RL. et al. Low, but not high, doses of melatonin entrained a free-running blind person with a long circadian period. Chronobiol Int 2002; 19: 649-658.
26 Emens JS, Lewy AJ, Lefler BJ. et al. Relative coordination of unknown “weak zeitgebers”in free-running blind individuals. J Biol Rhythms 2005; 20: 159-167.
27 Lewy AJ, Bauer VK, Hasler BP. et al. Capturing the circadian rhythms of free-running blind people with 0.5 mg melatonin. Brain Res 2001; 918: 96-100.
28 Fisher NI, Lee AJ. A correlation coefficient for circular data. Biometrika 1983; 70: 327-332.