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Thromb Haemost 2006; 96(03): 274-284
DOI: 10.1160/TH06-05-0234
Theme Issue Article
Schattauer GmbH

Emerging anticoagulants for the treatment of venous thromboembolism

Jeffrey I. Weitz
1   Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry and Medical Sciences, McMaster University, and Henderson Research Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
› Author Affiliations
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Publication History

Received 02 May 2006

Accepted after resubmission 22 July 2006

Publication Date:
30 November 2017 (online)

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Summary

Anticoagulant therapy is the cornerstone of treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Such treatment is divided into two stages. Rapid initial anticoagulation is given to minimize the risk of thrombus extension and fatal pulmonary embolism, whereas extended anticoagulation is aimed at preventing recurrent VTE, thereby reducing the risk of postphlebitic syndrome. With currently available drugs, immediate anticoagulation can only be achieved with parenteral agents, such as heparin, low-molecular-weight heparin, or fondaparinux. Extended treatment usually involves the administration of vitamin K antagonists,such as warfarin. Emerging anticoagulants have the potential to streamline VTE treatment. These agents include idraparinux, a long-acting synthetic pentasaccharide that is given subcutaneously on a once-weekly basis, and new oral anticoagulants that target thrombin or factor Xa. This paper i) reviews the pharmacology of these agents, ii) outlines their potential strengths and weaknesses, iii) describes the results of clinical trials with these new drugs, and iv) identifies the evolving role of new anticoagulants in the management of VTE.

Keywords

Coagulation inhibitors - heparins / glycosaminoglycans - pulmonary embolism - deep vein thrombosis
 

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