The role of reverse genetics systems in studying viral hemorrhagic fevers

Hideki Ebihara; Allison Groseth; Gabriele Neumann; Yoshihiro Kawaoka; Heinz Feldmann

doi:10.1160/TH05-05-0335

Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Table of Contents

Thromb Haemost 2005; 94(02): 240-253
DOI: 10.1160/TH05-05-0335

Theme Issue Article

Schattauer GmbH

The role of reverse genetics systems in studying viral hemorrhagic fevers

Hideki Ebihara

¹Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

⁵Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan

,

Allison Groseth

²National Microbiology Laboratory, National Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

³Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

,

Gabriele Neumann

⁴Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

,

Yoshihiro Kawaoka

¹Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

⁴Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

⁵Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan

,

Heinz Feldmann

²National Microbiology Laboratory, National Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

³Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Summary

Viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) is an infectious syndrome in humans often associated with high fatality rates. For most VHFs there are no specific and effective therapies or vaccines available and, in general, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the biology and pathogenesis of the causative agents. Therefore, a more detailed understanding of the molecular basis ofVHF pathogenesis, including the identification of viral virulence determinants and host interactions and responses, will be important to en-hance our ability to control VHF infections. The recently developed “reverse genetics systems” for severalVHF causing viruses have allowed the generation of infectious viruses from cloned cDNA and thus, the generation of virus mutants. Here we review the existing reverse genetics systems for VHF causing viruses and discuss their use in studying viral replication, pathogenesis, and the development of antivirals and vaccines.

Keywords

Viral hemorrhagic fever - reverse genetic systems - pathogenesis

Full Text

References

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