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Thromb Haemost 2004; 91(05): 861-872
DOI: 10.1160/TH03-08-0546
Review Article
Schattauer GmbH

Plasminogen activator inhibitor-type 1: its plasma determinants and relation with cardiovascular risk

Tiny Hoekstra
1   Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
,
Johanna M. Geleijnse
1   Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
,
Evert G. Schouten
1   Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
,
Cees Kluft
2   Gaubius Laboratory, TNO Prevention and Health, Leiden, The Netherlands
› Author AffiliationsFinancial support: Support was obtained from the Netherlands Heart Foundation (Grant 96-125)
Further Information

Publication History

Received 27 August 2003

Accepted after resubmission 15 February 2004

Publication Date:
01 December 2017 (online)

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Summary

The habitual level of PAI-1 is influenced by many factors, of which obesity and insulin resistance are the most important. It is possible to reduce plasma PAI-1 by changes in life style, e.g. weight reduction and physical activity. Data on potential interactions between environmental and metabolic variables on one hand, and the 4G/5G-polymorphism on the other hand, are still scarce. It becomes more and more clear that PAI-1 may possibly not be a major (causal) factor in cardiovascular disease, but its role in inflammation deserves further attention. In the presence of the 4G-allele not only the PAI-1 response was more pronounced, but also the response of other acute-phase reactants, which implies that the increases of these reactants are secondary to the increase in PAI-1. A myocardial infarction also provokes an acute phase response. It can thus be hypothesized that the 4G-allele might exacerbate tissue injury during the acute phase after a myocardial infarction, and thereby negatively affect the prognosis.

Keywords

PAI-1 - determinants - review
 

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