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Laryngorhinootologie 2008; 87(9): 657-672
DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1077547
CME-Fortbildung

© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Der Riechsinn im alltäglichen Leben[1]

The Sense of Smell in Daily LifeS.  Steinbach1 , W.  Hundt2 , T.  Zahnert1
  • 1Hals-Nasen-Ohrenklinik und Poliklinik der Medizinischen Fakultät „Carl Gustav Carus” der Technischen Universität Dresden
  • 2Institut für klinische Radiologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
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Publication History

Publication Date:
25 August 2008 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Ein intaktes Riechsystem wirkt sich in allen Bereichen des Lebens aus, sei es bei der Entstehung von neuem Leben, bei der Partnerwahl, bei der täglichen Hygiene, bei der Nahrungsaufnahme oder bei der Wahrnehmung von Gefahrensituationen durch Gas und Rauch. Gerüche werden am besten im jugendlichen bis mittleren Lebensalter wahrgenommen. Gerade im höheren Alter lässt die Regeneration der Riechrezeptorzellen nach und es kommt nicht selten zu einem zunehmenden Geruchsverlust. Ein kompletter Geruchsverlust im Sinne einer funktionellen Anosmie trifft 5 % der allgemeinen Bevölkerung; bei den über 65-Jährigen steigt der Anteil sogar auf 10 %. Riechstörungen sind daher kein seltenes Problem. Die vorliegende Fortbildung gibt einen Überblick über die Physiologie des Riechens, die Riechtestung, spezielle Riechstörungen sowie ihre Therapie und allgemeine Empfehlungen für Betroffene.

Abstract

An intact olfactory system affects all areas of life including the creation of new life, partner selection, daily hygiene, food intake, and the perception of danger from gas and smoke. The olfactory system is most effective from adolescence to middle age. With advancing age the regeneration of olfactory receptor cells decreases, often resulting in an increasing loss of smell. Functional anosmia affects 5 % of the general population and 10 % of those over 65. Therefore, olfactory dysfunctions are not uncommon. The following provides an overview of the physiology of smell, olfactory testing, special olfactory dysfunctions as well as treatment and general recommendations.

Schlüsselwörter

Riechen - Physiologie - Riechtestung - Riechstörungen - Therapie

Key words

olfaction - physiology - smell test - anosmia - therapy

1 Erstpublikation: Dieser Artikel erschien als Erstpublikation in der Zeitschrift für Allgemeinmedizin; ZFA: 84; S. 348 – 362

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1 Erstpublikation: Dieser Artikel erschien als Erstpublikation in der Zeitschrift für Allgemeinmedizin; ZFA: 84; S. 348 – 362

Silke Steinbach

Hals-Nasen-Ohrenklinik und Poliklinik der Medizinischen Fakultät „Carl Gustav Carus” der Technischen Universität Dresden

Fetscherstraße 74
01307 Dresden

Email: S.Steinbach@lrz.tum.de

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