Pharmakodynamik und klinisches Wirkprofil antipsychotischer Substanzen

• Weiterführende Literatur


Historie und Begriffsbestimmung
• Bodoni P. Dell'azione sedativa del bleu di metilene in varie forme di psicosi.. Clin Med Ital 1899; 38: 217-222
• Carlsson A, Lindqvist M. Effect of Chlorpromazine or Haloperidol on Formation of 3methoxytyramine and Normetanephrine in Mouse Brain.. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh) 1963; 20: 140-144
• Haase J. Über Vorkommen und Deutung des psychomotorischen Parkinsonsyndroms bei Megaphen- bzw. Largactil-Dauerbehandlung.. Nervenarzt 1954; 25: 486-492

Einteilung der Antipsychotika
• Costall B, Naylor RJ. Detection of the neuroleptic properties of clozapine, sulpiride and thioridazine.. Psychopharmacologia 1975; 43: 69-74
• Gründer G, Vernaleken I, Benkert O. Which properties make a neuroleptic „atypical”?. Nervenarzt 2001; 72: 833-843
• Kane J, Honigfeld G, Singer J. et al. Clozapine for the treatment-resistant schizophrenic. A double-blind comparison with chlorpromazine.. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1988; 45: 789-796

Hypothesen zur Schizophrenie
• Abi-Dargham A, Gil R, Krystal J. et al. Increased striatal dopamine transmission in schizophrenia: confirmation in a second cohort.. Am J Psychiatry 1998; 155: 761-767
• Abi-Dargham A, Moore H. Prefrontal DA transmission at D1 receptors and the pathology of schizophrenia.. Neuroscientist 2003; 9: 404-416
• Agid O, Seeman P, Kapur S. The „delayed onset” of antipsychotic action – an idea whose time has come and gone.. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2006; 31: 93-100
• Carlsson A, Hansson LO, Waters N. et al. A glutamatergic deficiency model of schizophrenia.. Br J Psychiatry Suppl 1999; 37: 2-6
• Farde L, Nordstrom AL, Wiesel FA. et al. Positron emission tomographic analysis of central D1 and D2 dopamine receptor occupancy in patients treated with classical neuroleptics and clozapine. Relation to extrapyramidal side effects.. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1992; 49: 538-544
• Kumakura Y, Cumming P, Vernaleken I. et al. Elevated [18F]fluorodopamine turnover in brain of patients with schizophrenia: an [18F]fluorodopa / positron emission tomography study.. J Neurosci 2007; 27: 8080-8087
• Laruelle M. Imaging dopamine transmission in schizophrenia. A review and meta-analysis.. Q J Nucl Med 1998; 42: 211-221
• Seeman P, Lee T, Chau-Wong M. et al. Antipsychotic drug doses and neuroleptic / dopamine receptors.. Nature 1976; 261: 717-719

Wirkmechanismus
• Grace AA, Bunney BS, Moore H. et al. Dopamine-cell depolarization block as a model for the therapeutic actions of antipsychotic drugs.. Trends Neurosci 1997; 20: 31-37
• Gründer G. Antipsychotika. In: Holsboer F, Gründer G, Benkert O, Hrsg Handbuch der Psychopharmakotherapie.. Heidelberg, Springer: 2008: 592-624
• Gründer G, Landvogt C, Vernaleken I. et al. The striatal and extrastriatal D2 / D3 receptor-binding profile of clozapine in patients with schizophrenia.. Neuropsychopharmacology 2006; 31: 1027-1035
• Kapur S, Seeman P. Does fast dissociation from the dopamine d(2) receptor explain the action of atypical antipsychotics?: A new hypothesis.. Am J Psychiatry 2001; 158: 360-369
• Meltzer HY, Matsubara S, Lee JC. The ratios of serotonin2 and dopamine2 affinities differentiate atypical and typical antipsychotic drugs.. Psychopharmacol Bull 1989; 25: 390-392
• Vernaleken I, Siessmeier T, Buchholz HG. et al. High striatal occupancy of D2-like dopamine receptors by amisulpride in the brain of patients with schizophrenia.. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2004; 7: 421-430

Nebenwirkungen
• Baptista T. Mechanisms of weight gain induced by antipsychotic drugs.. J Clin Psychiatry 2002; 63: 245-246
• Harrigan EP, Miceli JJ, Anziano R. et al. A randomized evaluation of the effects of six antipsychotic agents on QTc, in the absence and presence of metabolic inhibition.. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2004; 24: 62-69
• Newcomer JW. Metabolic considerations in the use of antipsychotic medications: a review of recent evidence.. J Clin Psychiatry 2007; 68 (Suppl. 1): 20-27
• Vernaleken I, Schneider F, Niebling W. Allgemeine Psychopharmakotherapie. In: Schneider F, Niebling W, Hrsg Psychische Erkrankungen in der Hausarztpraxis.. Berlin, Springer: 2007: 67-103
• Zimbroff DL, Kane JM, Tamminga CA. et al. Controlled, dose-response study of sertindole and haloperidol in the treatment of schizophrenia. Sertindole Study Group.. Am J Psychiatry 1997; 154: 782-791