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DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1038168
Rauchreduktion bei Alkoholkranken im Rahmen einer stationären Alkohol-Entzugsbehandlung
Eine kontrollierte klinische PilotstudieSmoking Reduction During Inpatient Alcohol DetoxificationA Controlled Clinical Pilot TrialPublikationsverlauf
Publikationsdatum:
28. April 2008 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Von professioneller Seite wurde häufig dafür plädiert, eine Tabakentwöhnung bei Alkoholkranken erst nach längerfristiger Konsolidierung der Alkoholabstinenz einzuleiten. Hintergrund dieser Empfehlung ist die Befürchtung, dass sich Rauchinterventionsprogramme negativ auf die Ergebnisse von Alkoholentgiftung und Rehabilitation bei Alkoholkranken auswirken könnten. Allerdings stehen empirische Untersuchungen zum geeigneten Zeitfenster für die Einleitung von Veränderungen des Rauchverhaltens bei alkoholkranken Patienten noch aus. Wir haben eine Untersuchung zur Frage durchgeführt, ob diesen Patienten bereits während einer stationären Alkoholentzugsbehandlung eine Reduktion ihres Zigarettenkonsums gelingt. Teilnehmer dieser nicht-randomisierten klinischen Pilotstudie waren 56 weibliche und männliche alkoholabhängige Raucher, die im Rahmen einer standardisierten, stationären, qualifizierten Alkoholentzugsbehandlung rekrutiert wurden. 28 Patienten nahmen während des 3-wöchigen Klinikaufenthalts an einem Nikotinreduktionsprogramm teil, das aus sechs verhaltenstherapeutisch orientierten Gruppensitzungen bestand. Einer Kontrollgruppe von 28 alkoholkranken Rauchern stand das Programm nicht zur Verfügung. Der Zigarettenkonsum wurde täglich vom Pflegepersonal der Klinik protokolliert. In der Therapiegruppe kam es im Verlauf des stationären Aufenthalts zu einer signifikanten Reduktion der Zahl pro Tag gerauchter Zigaretten. Die Kontrollgruppe zeigte im gleichen Zeitraum einen Trend zu einer Steigerung des Tabakkonsums. Die Ergebnisse unserer Pilotstudie weisen darauf hin, dass alkoholkranken Patienten Rauchinterventionsprogramme bereits in der sehr frühen Phase einer Alkoholentzugsbehandlung angeboten werden können.
Abstract
Health care professionals tend to advise alcohol dependent patients to quit tobacco consumption only after longer periods of alcohol abstinence. This recommendation reflects concerns that smoking intervention programs may adversely interfere with the outcome of ongoing alcohol detoxification and rehabilitation treatment. However, the issue of appropriate time windows for initiating changes of smoking behaviour in alcoholic patients is still in need of empirical evaluation. Thus the aim of the present study is to investigate whether alcohol dependent smokers may be able to reduce cigarette consumption very early during alcohol detoxification and rehabilitation treatment. We performed a non-randomized controlled clinical pilot trial with 56 female and male alcohol dependent smokers in an inpatient setting providing a 3-weeks alcohol detoxification program. 28 individuals received a smoking reduction program consisting of a 6-sessions approach in a group format following behavioural principles. For the control group of 28 individuals the program was not available. Tobacco consumption was assessed daily by staff members. Alcohol dependent patients participating in the smoking reduction program reduced their daily cigarette consumption rates significantly, whereas the control group showed a tendency to increase tobacco consumption. According to the tentative findings of this pilot study early smoking interventions already during alcohol detoxification appear to be a feasible approach.
Schlüsselwörter
Alkohol - Nikotin - Rauchen - Tabak - Therapie
Key words
Alcohol - Nicotine - Smoking - Tobacco - Treatment
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Prof. Dr. Karl Mann
Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Klinik für Abhängiges Verhalten und Suchtmedizin
J5
68159 Mannheim
eMail: sucht@zi-mannheim.de