Zusammenfassung
Einleitung: 5 % aller gastrointestinalen Blutungen sind obskure gastrointestinale Blutungen (OGIB),
deren Ursache mit den herkömmlichen endoskopischen Methoden nicht geklärt werden kann.
Früher mussten die Chirurgen bei Fällen von wiederholt auftretenden, overten Blutungen
eine Laparotomie ohne Diagnose durchführen. Das Ziel unserer retrospektiven Studie
war, die Wirksamkeit der chirurgischen Therapie bei OGIB-Patienten, die mittels Kapselendoskopie
(CE) untersucht worden waren, zu bestimmen. Methodik: In 2 Zentren haben wir binnen 3 Jahren die Kapselendoskopie-Untersuchungen bei 61
Patienten ausgewertet, nach Panendoskopie und Koloskopie ohne Diagnosefindung. Die
CE-Befunde wurden entsprechend der Blutungsquelle in 3 Gruppen eingeteilt: definitive
Blutungsquelle (48), unklares Blutungspotenzial (5) und negativer Befund (8). Chirurgische
Therapie wurde in 18 Fällen mit definitiven Blutungsquellen eingeleitet. Ergebnisse: Das durchschnittliche Lebensalter der 7 männlichen und 11 weiblichen Patienten, die
operiert wurden, betrug 63,4 (± 10,69) Jahre. Die Zeit zwischen dem Auftreten der
ersten klinischen Symptome und dem Datum der Operation betrug im Durchschnitt 18,2
(± 26,11) Monate. Während dieses Zeitraums wurden die Patienten in durchschnittlich
6 (± 7,96) Fällen ins Krankenhaus aufgenommen. In 17 Fällen (94 %) bestätigten die
chirurgischen Eingriffe und die pathologischen Befunde die mithilfe der CE entdeckten
definitiven Blutungsquellen. In einem Fall von Angiodysplasie-Blutung mit negativem
pathologischen Befund traten im Nachuntersuchungszeitraum keine erneuten Blutungen
auf. Schlussfolgerungen: CE hat große Auswirkungen auf die chirurgischen Resultate bei Patienten mit OGIB.
Die korrekte Lokalisierung der Blutungsquellen aufgrund unserer Untersuchungen bot
in allen Fällen eine angemessene Unterstützung, um eine optimale Resektion des Dünndarms
durchzuführen.
Abstract
Background: Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) that cannot be established applying traditional
endoscopic methods represents 5 % of all gastrointestinal bleedings. Earlier, in cases
of recurrent, overt bleedings the surgeons had to perform a laparotomy “blind” without
diagnosis. The aim of our retrospective study was to analyse the effectiveness of
surgical therapy in patients with OGIB investigated with capsule endoscopy (CE). Methods: During 36-month period at two workplaces capsule endoscopy studies were evaluated
in 61 patients with OGIB who had undergone non-diagnostic panendoscopy and colonoscopy.
CE findings were divided into three groups according to the bleeding source: definitive
bleeding source (48), uncertain bleeding potential (5) and negative findings (8).
Surgical therapy was initiated in 18 cases with definitive bleeding sources. Results: The mean age of 7 male and 11 female patients operated on was 63.4 (± 10.69) years.
The period between the first clinical symptoms and the date of the operation was an
average of 18.2 (± 26.11) months. During this period patients were hospitalized in
an average of 6 (± 7.96) cases. In 17 cases (94 %) the surgical and pathological findings
justified the definitive bleeding sources detected by CE. In one case of bleeding
angiodysplasia with negative pathological findings the follow-up period without recurrent
bleeding justified the validity of CE results and the success of surgical therapy.
Conclusions: CE offers a high impact on the surgical results in patients with OGIB. Through our
CE examinations the correct localization of the bleeding sources always provided a
reasonable support to perform an optimal small bowel resection.
Schlüsselwörter
Kapselendoskopie - obskure gastrointestinale Blutung - Resektion des Dünndarms
Key words
capsule endoscopy - obscure gastrointestinal bleeding - resection of small bowel
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Dr. Márta Kovács
Vaszary Kolos Kórház, II. Belgyógyászat
Petofi u. 26 – 28
2500 Esztergom
Hungary
Telefon: ++ 36/30/4 88 61 35
Fax: ++ 36/33/54 23 34
eMail: drmarta.kovacs@t-online.hu