Endosonografie subepithelialer Läsionen des Magen-Darmtraktes

Key words

review - endoscopic ultrasound - gastrointestinal stromal tumors - classification - education

Kernaussagen

• Als einziges bildgebendes Verfahren erlaubt die Endosonografie die detaillierte Darstellung der Wandschichten der gastrointestinalen Hohlorgane und ist daher in der Abgrenzung zu extraluminalen Impressionen sowie in der Differenzierung subepithelialer Läsionen allen anderen endoskopischen und bildgebenden Verfahren überlegen.

• Über 80 % der subepithelialen Tumoren sind endoskopische Zufallsbefunde, die aber dennoch prognostisch relevant sein können. Das gilt insbesondere für die große und heterogene Gruppe der schwach echogenen subepithelialen Tumoren.

• Auf der Grundlage einer standardisierten endosonografischen Befundbeschreibung sind unter Berücksichtigung der Lokalisation artdiagnostische Differenzialdiagnosen und eine prognostische Einschätzung möglich.

• Die EUS ist die zentrale apparative Methode im Gesamtkonzept des diagnostischen und therapeutischen Managements subepithelialer Läsionen.

Main statements

• Endosonography is the only imaging procedure to provide detailed representation of wall layers of the gastrointestinal organs and is therefore superior to all other endoscopic and imaging procedures for the delimitation of extraluminal impressions as well as the differentiation of subepithelial lesions.

• Over 80 % of subepithelial tumors are endoscopic incidental findings that can be prognostically relevant. This applies in particular to the large and heterogeneous group of hypoechoic subepithelial tumors.

• Differential diagnoses and prognostic evaluation are possible on the basis of a standardized endosonographic findings description under consideration of the location.

• EUS is the most important technique for the diagnostic and therapeutic management of subepithelial lesions.

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