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Zeitschrift für Phytotherapie 2007; 28(3): 115-123
DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-984995
Forschung
Medizinalpilze
© Hippokrates Verlag in MVS Medizinverlage Stuttgart GmbH & Co. KG

Speisepilze mit medizinisch wirksamen Inhaltsstoffen (1)

Edible mushrooms and their medicinally effective extractsEkkehard Busch, Reimund Wantoch von Rekowski, Helga Mölleken
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Publication History

Publication Date:
09 July 2007 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Seit vielen Jahren sind in der Medizin verschiedene Inhaltstoffe von Pilzen von großem Interesse. Fast 200 Pilzarten sind beschrieben worden, die in der Therapie unterschiedlicher Erkrankungen Bedeutung erlangt haben. Die positiven Wirkungen dieser Inhaltsstoffe sind durch Untersuchungen sowohl in der präventiven als auch der therapeutischen Medizin bestätigt worden. Hierzu gehören Proteoglucane und Glykoproteine, die primär in der Zellwand lokalisiert sind und dort eine wichtige Rolle beim Zell-Zell-Kontakt spielen. Sie werden zur Immunstimulation und in der Tumorprävention eingesetzt, zeigen aber auch antikanzerogene Wirkungen. Primär werden hier detailliert medizinisch relevante Proteoglucane verschiedener Pilze beschrieben: Lentinan und LEM (Lentinus-edodes-Mycelium-Extrakt) aus Lentinus edodes, GF-D (sog. D-Fraktion, ein bgr;-1,3 verzweigtes β-1,6-Glucan) aus Grifola frondosa, Pleuran aus Pleurotus ostreatus sowie Flammulin und das Polypeptid FIP-Fve aus Fammulina velutipes.

Summary

For many years, several mushroom substances have aroused considerable medical interest leading to the identification of nearly 200 mushrooms for medical use. Most important are the immune stimulating, tumour preventing and anticancerogenic effects of different biopolymers like polysaccharides and proteoglucanes which are mainly localized in the cell wall and play an important role in cell-cell contact. In this article, we describe in detail the medically relevant proteoglucanes of various types of mushrooms: Lentinus edodes with the biopolymers lentinan and LEM, Grifola frondosa with GF-D, Pleurotus ostreatus with pleuran, Flammulina velutipes with flammulin and FIP-Fve. They all have important effects in immune reactions and positive effects on the therapy of various types of cancer.

Schlüsselwörter

Pilze - Tumorprävention - antikanzerogen - Lentinan - LEM - GF-D - Flammulin - FIP-Fve

Key words

Mushrooms - tumor prevention - anticancer - lentinan - LEM - GF-D - flammulin - FIP-Fve

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Dr. Helga Mölleken

Bergische Universität Wuppertal Fachbereich C

Botanik - Physiologische Chemie der Pflanzen

Gaußstr. 20

42119 Wuppertal

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